How to format your references using the Technology Operation Management citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Technology Operation Management. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Beers, Timothy C. 2005. Astronomy. The first generations of stars. Science (New York, N.Y.) 309: 390–391.

A journal article with 2 authors

Iwasaki, Akiko, and Ruslan Medzhitov. 2010. Regulation of adaptive immunity by the innate immune system. Science (New York, N.Y.) 327: 291–295.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hayes, Dugan, Graham B. Griffin, and Gregory S. Engel. 2014. Response to Comment on “Engineering coherence among excited states in synthetic heterodimer systems.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 344: 1099.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Nagasaka, Yasuo, Zenas C. Chao, Naomi Hasegawa, Tomonori Notoya, and Naotaka Fujii. 2013. Spontaneous synchronization of arm motion between Japanese macaques. Scientific reports 3: 1151.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kazimierczuk, Marian. 2013. High-Frequency Magnetic Components. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Bourassa, Martial G., and Jean-Claude Tardif, ed. 2006. Antioxidants and Cardiovascular Disease. Second Edition. Vol. 258. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine. Boston, MA: Springer US.

A chapter in an edited book

Hwang, Wonmuk. 2015. Biofilament Dynamics: Line-to-Rod-Level Descriptions. In Multiscale Modeling in Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, ed. Suvranu De, Wonmuk Hwang, and Ellen Kuhl, 63–83. London: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Technology Operation Management.

Blog post

Carpineti, Alfredo. 2015. Sonic Tractor Beams Are Now A Reality. IFLScience. IFLScience. October 26.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1985. Tactical Warning and Attack Assessment System. 127994. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Davenport, Collin Stewart. 2017. Dynamic Modeling Framework to Predict Instantaneous Status of a Tractor-Dolly System. Doctoral dissertation, Mississippi State, MS: Mississippi State University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney, Kelly. 2006. QUICK BITE | Peapack; Chocolate And a Touch Of Chic. New York Times, October 15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Beers 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Beers 2005; Iwasaki and Medzhitov 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Iwasaki and Medzhitov 2010)
Three or more authors: (Nagasaka et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Technology Operation Management
ISSN (print)	0974-8091
ISSN (online)	2249-2364
Scope

Research and Writing Guides