How to format your references using the Teaching in Higher Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Teaching in Higher Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wurthner, Frank. 2006. “Chemistry. Generating a Photocurrent on the Nanometer Scale.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 314 (5806): 1693–1694.

A journal article with 2 authors

Aβmann, Marc, and Manfred Bayer. 2013. “Compressive Adaptive Computational Ghost Imaging.” Scientific Reports 3: 1545.

A journal article with 3 authors

Muheim, Rachel, John B. Phillips, and Susanne Akesson. 2006. “Polarized Light Cues Underlie Compass Calibration in Migratory Songbirds.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 313 (5788): 837–839.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Germain, Pierre, Jaya Iyer, Christina Zechel, and Hinrich Gronemeyer. 2002. “Co-Regulator Recruitment and the Mechanism of Retinoic Acid Receptor Synergy.” Nature 415 (6868): 187–192.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bâzu, Marius, and Titu Băjenescu. 2011. Failure Analysis. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Hesse, Michael. 2009. Pollen Terminology: An Illustrated Handbook. Edited by Heidemarie Halbritter, Reinhard Zetter, Martina Weber, Ralf Buchner, Andrea Frosch-Radivo, and Silvia Ulrich. Vienna: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Drummond, John J. 2015. “Exceptional Love?” In Feeling and Value, Willing and Action: Essays in the Context of a Phenomenological Psychology, edited by Marta Ubiali and Maren Wehrle, 51–69. Phaenomenologica. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Teaching in Higher Education.

Blog post

Hale, Tom. 2017. “Shocking Footage Shows A Digger Crushing A Tiger To Death.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/shocking-footage-shows-a-digger-crushing-a-tiger-to-death/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2015. Motor Carrier Safety: Improvements to Data-Driven Oversight Could Better Target High Risk Carriers. GAO-15-433T. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Slotterback, David. 2010. “Parent Partner Program and Organization (3P-O) Parents Mentoring Parents in Child Welfare: A Grant-Writing Project.” Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, David A. 2006. “Video Catching Up to Photos When It Comes to Sharing.” New York Times, June 29.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wurthner 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Wurthner 2006; Aβmann and Bayer 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Aβmann and Bayer 2013)
Three authors: (Muheim, Phillips, and Akesson 2006)
4 or more authors: (Germain et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Teaching in Higher Education
Abbreviation	Teach. High. Educ.
ISSN (print)	1356-2517
ISSN (online)	1470-1294
Scope	Education