How to format your references using the Systematic and Applied Microbiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Systematic and Applied Microbiology (SYAPM). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Zhou, M. (2013) Materials science. Exceptional properties by design. Science 339(6124), 1161–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Lee, S.W.S., Schwarz, N. (2010) Washing away postdecisional dissonance. Science 328(5979), 709.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Silva-Santos, B., Pennington, D.J., Hayday, A.C. (2005) Lymphotoxin-mediated regulation of gammadelta cell differentiation by alphabeta T cell progenitors. Science 307(5711), 925–8.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Sun, S.-Y., Liu, Z.-P., Zeng, T., Wang, Y., Chen, L. (2013) Spatio-temporal analysis of type 2 diabetes mellitus based on differential expression networks. Sci. Rep. 3, 2268.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Lutzke, D. (2012) Surfen in die digitale Zukunft. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany.

An edited book

[1]

Elkadi, M., Mourrain, B., Piene, R. (2006) Algebraic Geometry and Geometric Modeling. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Graf, E., Frommholz, I., Lalmas, M., van Rijsbergen, K. (2010) Knowledge Modeling in Prior Art Search. In: Cunningham, H., Hanbury, A., Rüger, S., (Eds.), Advances in Multidisciplinary Retrieval: First Information Retrieval Facility Conference, IRFC 2010, Vienna, Austria, May 31, 2010. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 31–46.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Systematic and Applied Microbiology.

Blog post

[1]

Carpineti, A. (2016) Astronomers Produce Detailed Map Of Hydrogen In The Milky Way. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/astronomers-produce-detailed-map-of-hydrogen-in-the-milky-way/. [accessed October 30, 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. (2005) School Meal Programs: Competitive Foods Are Widely Available and Generate Substantial Revenues for Schools. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Avila, B. (2013) Comparison of paternal and maternal involvement in a government funded home-based intervention program: A multivariate analysis of parent gender, child gender and age of the child. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Lipton, E., Protess, B., Lehren, A.W. (2017) Raft of Potential Conflicts In President’s Appointees. New York Times, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [2].
This sentence cites two references [3,4].
This sentence cites four references [3,5,7,8].

About the journal

Full journal title	Systematic and Applied Microbiology
Abbreviation	Syst. Appl. Microbiol.
ISSN (print)	0723-2020
ISSN (online)	1618-0984
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Microbiology