How to format your references using the Synthetic Metals citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Synthetic Metals. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

M. Wadman, Republican candidates clash on fetal tissue in research, Nature 403 (2000) 694.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

C. Feuillet, K. Eversole, Plant science. Solving the maze, Science 326 (2009) 1071–1072.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

J.C. Finlay, G.E. Small, R.W. Sterner, Human influences on nitrogen removal in lakes, Science 342 (2013) 247–250.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

P. Nioche, V. Berka, J. Vipond, N. Minton, A.-L. Tsai, C.S. Raman, Femtomolar sensitivity of a NO sensor from Clostridium botulinum, Science 306 (2004) 1550–1553.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

A.C. Thiselton, 1 & 2 Thessalonians: Through the Centuries, Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK, 2010.

An edited book

[1]

N. Chaki, N. Meghanathan, D. Nagamalai, eds., Computer Networks & Communications (NetCom): Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Networks & Communications, Springer, New York, NY, 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

F. Petrelli, S. Barni, Malignant Ascites: Diagnosis and Treatment, in: M.V. Kiselevsky (Ed.), Malignant Effusions: Pleuritis, Ascites, Pericardites, Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2012: pp. 57–76.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Synthetic Metals.

Blog post

[1]

J. O`Callaghan, NASA Still Plans To Practice Saving Earth From An Asteroid, Even Without ESA’s Help, IFLScience (2016). https://www.iflscience.com/space/nasa-still-plans-to-practice-saving-earth-from-an-asteroid-even-without-esas-help/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, NASA Program Costs: Space Missions Require Substantially More Funding Than Initially Estimated, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

H.L. Herkert, Toward an Unseen Shore: Imaginative Thinking in Childhood Grief, Doctoral dissertation, Pacifica Graduate Institute, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M.D. Shear, L. Goodstein, M. Haberman, Trump Is Expected to Relax Tax Rules on Churches That Actively Take Part in Politics, New York Times (2017) A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Synthetic Metals
Abbreviation	Synth. Met.
ISSN (print)	0379-6779
Scope	Mechanical Engineering Mechanics of Materials Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Materials Chemistry Metals and Alloys Condensed Matter Physics