How to format your references using the Journal of Intelligent Information Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Intelligent Information Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Karp, P. D. (2001). Pathway databases: a case study in computational symbolic theories. Science (New York, N.Y.), 293(5537), 2040–2044.

A journal article with 2 authors

Headlam, D., & Brown, M. (2007). Comment on “The geometry of musical chords.” Science (New York, N.Y.), 315(5810), 330; author reply 330.

A journal article with 3 authors

Biek, R., Drummond, A. J., & Poss, M. (2006). A virus reveals population structure and recent demographic history of its carnivore host. Science (New York, N.Y.), 311(5760), 538–541.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Hammarström, P., Wiseman, R. L., Powers, E. T., & Kelly, J. W. (2003). Prevention of transthyretin amyloid disease by changing protein misfolding energetics. Science (New York, N.Y.), 299(5607), 713–716.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Dant, S. (2016). Losing Eden. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Harmsen, F., Proper, E., Schalkwijk, F., Barjis, J., & Overbeek, S. (Eds.). (2010). Practice-Driven Research on Enterprise Transformation: Second Working Conference, PRET 2010, Delft, The Netherlands, November 11, 2010. Proceedings (Vol. 69). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Durret, F., Kaastra, J. S., Nevalainen, J., Ohashi, T., & Werner, N. (2008). Soft X-Ray and Extreme Ultraviolet Excess Emission from Clusters of Galaxies. In J. Kaastra (Ed.), Clusters of Galaxies: Beyond the Thermal View (pp. 51–70). New York, NY: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Intelligent Information Systems.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2015, August 12). EPA Accidentally Contaminates River With Millions Of Gallons Of Toxic Waste. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/epa-accidentally-contaminate-animas-river-millions-gallons-toxic-waste/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2005). No Child Left Behind Act: Most Students with Disabilities Participated in Statewide Assessments, but Inclusion Options Could Be Improved (No. GAO-05-618). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Park, J. K. (2012). Target Identification, Therapeutic Application and Maturation Mechanism of microRNAs (Doctoral dissertation). Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dorman, J. L. (2016, November 18). A Funky Place to Land in Hollywood. New York Times, p. TR3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Karp 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Headlam and Brown 2007; Karp 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Headlam and Brown 2007)
Three or more authors: (Hammarström et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Intelligent Information Systems
Abbreviation	J. Intell. Inf. Syst.
ISSN (print)	0925-9902
ISSN (online)	1573-7675
Scope	Artificial Intelligence Computer Networks and Communications Hardware and Architecture Information Systems Software

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