How to format your references using the Sustainable Materials and Technologies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Sustainable Materials and Technologies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

P. Azoulay, Research efficiency: Turn the scientific method on ourselves, Nature 484 (2012) 31–32.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

K.P. Körding, D.M. Wolpert, Bayesian integration in sensorimotor learning, Nature 427 (2004) 244–247.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

K. Yashiro, H. Shiratori, H. Hamada, Haemodynamics determined by a genetic programme govern asymmetric development of the aortic arch, Nature 450 (2007) 285–288.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

L.E. Sadler, J.M. Higbie, S.R. Leslie, M. Vengalattore, D.M. Stamper-Kurn, Spontaneous symmetry breaking in a quenched ferromagnetic spinor Bose-Einstein condensate, Nature 443 (2006) 312–315.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

D. Ralph, P. Graham, MMS: Technologies, Usage and Business Models, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2004.

An edited book

[1]

D. Dallet, Dynamic Characterisation of Analogue-to-Digital Converters, Springer US, Boston, MA, 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

C.-W. Tsoi, Development of a Cross-Domain Web-based GIS Platform to Support Surveillance and Control of Communicable Diseases, in: P.C. Lai, A.S.H. Mak (Eds.), GIS for Health and the Environment: Development in the Asia-Pacific Region With 110 Figures, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2007: pp. 44–56.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Sustainable Materials and Technologies.

Blog post

[1]

S. Luntz, Turing’s Biological Work Passes Test, IFLScience (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/turings-biological-work-passes-test/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Aerial Refueling Initiative: Cross-Service Analysis Needed To Determine Best Approach, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1993.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

T. Stephens, The evolution of transformative communication patterns in 1-to-1 computing classrooms, Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

S.M. Novick, Classy Comfort Food in Relaxed Settings, New York Times (2014) LI11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Sustainable Materials and Technologies
Abbreviation	Sustain. Mater. Technol.
ISSN (print)	2214-9937
Scope