How to format your references using the Sustainability Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Sustainability Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smyty R (2000) Beauty is ova-rated. Nature 404:31

A journal article with 2 authors

Zubkov MV, Tarran GA (2008) High bacterivory by the smallest phytoplankton in the North Atlantic Ocean. Nature 455:224–226

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang YG, Pagani M, Liu Z (2014) Response to Comment on “A 12-million-year temperature history of the tropical Pacific Ocean.” Science 346:1467

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Gross C, Zhuang X, Stark K, et al (2002) Serotonin1A receptor acts during development to establish normal anxiety-like behaviour in the adult. Nature 416:396–400

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Eggleston B (2008) The ICE Conditions of Contract: Seventh Edition. Blackwell Science Ltd, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Ferronsky VI (2010) Dynamics of the Earth: Theory of the Planet’s Motion Based on Dynamic Equilibrium, Revised and updated edition of the book in Russian “Dinamika Zemly: Teoria dvizhenija planety na osnovah dinamicheskogo ravnovesia” by S. I. Ferronsky and S. V. Ferronsky, Nauchniy Mir, 2007. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

A chapter in an edited book

Bertot Y (2009) Structural Abstract Interpretation: A Formal Study Using Coq. In: Bove A, Barbosa LS, Pardo A, Pinto JS (eds) Language Engineering and Rigorous Software Development: International LerNet ALFA Summer School 2008, Piriapolis, Uruguay, February 24 - March 1, 2008, Revised Tutorial Lectures. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 153–194

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Sustainability Science.

Blog post

Carpineti A (2016) The Universe Is Not Expanding In A Preferred Direction. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/the-universe-is-not-expanding-in-a-preferred-direction/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1998) FCC: Reallocation of TV Channels 60-69, the 746-806 MHz Band. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Miller A (2017) Group Mentoring Program to Empower Transitional-Aged Youth: A Grant Proposal. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K (2001) Giving an Unexpected Twist to “Keep Off the Grass.” New York Times 148

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smyty 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Smyty 2000; Zubkov and Tarran 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zubkov and Tarran 2008)
Three or more authors: (Gross et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Sustainability Science
Abbreviation	Sustain. Sci.
ISSN (print)	1862-4065
ISSN (online)	1862-4057
Scope	Ecology Global and Planetary Change Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Nature and Landscape Conservation Geography, Planning and Development Health(social science) Sociology and Political Science