How to format your references using the Surgical Endoscopy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Surgical Endoscopy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P (2004) Home and away. Nature 432:127

A journal article with 2 authors

Levine BL, June CH (2013) Perspective: assembly line immunotherapy. Nature 498:S17

A journal article with 3 authors

Reinhardt K, Dowling DK, Morrow EH (2013) Medicine. Mitochondrial replacement, evolution, and the clinic. Science 341:1345–1346

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Süel GM, Kulkarni RP, Dworkin J, Garcia-Ojalvo J, Elowitz MB (2007) Tunability and noise dependence in differentiation dynamics. Science 315:1716–1719

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sheriff RE, Hu YF (2001) Mobile Satellite Communication Networks. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Gregorio MD, Maio VD, Frucci M, Musio C (2005) Brain, Vision, and Artificial Intelligence: First International Symposium, BVAI 2005, Naples, Italy, October 19 – 21, 2005. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Carro LP, Golano P, Escajadillo NF, Vallejo MR, de Diego V, Pesquera LC (2014) Normal Articular Anatomy. In: Kim Y-J, Mamisch TC (eds) Hip Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Springer, New York, NY, pp 57–72

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Surgical Endoscopy.

Blog post

Hamilton K (2015) What The Color Of Your Snot Says About Your Health. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1993) Academy Preparatory Schools. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Flores D (2014) The EastSide Café: A liberated learning zone. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Yee V, Schweber N (2015) Fleeting Stability for a Woman Charged With Killing Her Son. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Surgical Endoscopy
Abbreviation	Surg. Endosc.
ISSN (print)	0930-2794
ISSN (online)	1432-2218
Scope	Surgery