How to format your references using the Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Turner M. Ecology: Mangrove maintenance. Nature 2015;526:515.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Carmeliet P, Jain RK. Molecular mechanisms and clinical applications of angiogenesis. Nature 2011;473:298–307.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Yu X, Jin L, Zhou ZH. 3.88 A structure of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus by cryo-electron microscopy. Nature 2008;453:415–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Wang X-F, Feng Y, Chen Y, Gao BL, Han B-H. A meta-analysis of olanzapine for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Sci Rep 2014;4:4813.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Le Doeuff R, Zaïm MEH. Rotating Electrical Machines. Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

[1]

Coecke B, editor. New Structures for Physics. vol. 813. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Sobotka PA, Harrison DG, Fudim M. The Endpoint on Measuring the Clinical Effects of Renal Denervation: What Are the Best Surrogates. In: Heuser RR, Schlaich M, Sievert H, editors. Renal Denervation: A New Approach to Treatment of Resistant Hypertension, London: Springer; 2015, p. 25–43.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases.

Blog post

[1]

Hamilton K. How To Know You’re In A Long-Term Relationship, According To Psychology. IFLScience 2017. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/how-to-know-youre-in-a-long-term-relationship-according-to-psychology/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Centralized Direction Needed for Calibration Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1977.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Miller RJ. An Investigation Examining the Perceived Implications of Principal Leadership Changing A Large Comprehensive High School into Smaller Learning Communities. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Saslow L. Guardian Angels Welcome in Greenport. New York Times 2006:14LI5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases
Abbreviation	Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis.
ISSN (print)	1550-7289
Scope	Surgery