How to format your references using the Structures citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Structures. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Sarewitz D. World view: Brick by brick. Nature 2010;465:29.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Shaw RJ, Cantley LC. Cell biology. Ancient sensor for ancient drug. Science 2012;336:813–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Yamamoto T, Inui T, Tsuji T. The odor of Osmanthus fragrans attenuates food intake. Sci Rep 2013;3:1518.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Chow BY, Han X, Dobry AS, Qian X, Chuong AS, Li M, et al. High-performance genetically targetable optical neural silencing by light-driven proton pumps. Nature 2010;463:98–102.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Olofsson P. Probabilities. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Griebel M, Schweitzer MA, editors. Meshfree Methods for Partial Differential Equations VII. vol. 100. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Wang Q. Thirty Years Before/After. In: Strong-Wilson T, Mitchell C, Susann A, Pithouse-Morgan K, editors. Productive Remembering and Social Agency, Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2013, p. 49–60.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Structures.

Blog post

[1]

Fang J. Curiosity Captures Clouds on Mars. IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/space/curiosity-captures-clouds-mars/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Status of Budget Authority Involved in Three Rescissions. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1976.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Chima-Okereke O. The distinct VPS35 mutant, env1, exhibits unique protein mislocalization and processing phenotype. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Hodgman J. Bonus Advice From Judge John Hodgman. New York Times 2016:MM22.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Structures
ISSN (print)	2352-0124
Scope