How to format your references using the Statistics and Probability Letters citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Statistics and Probability Letters. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smith, D.R., 2014. Metamaterials. A cloaking coating for murky media. Science 345, 384–385.

A journal article with 2 authors

Plaçais, P.-Y., Preat, T., 2013. To favor survival under food shortage, the brain disables costly memory. Science 339, 440–442.

A journal article with 3 authors

Norouzzadeh, P., Myles, C.W., Vashaee, D., 2014. Prediction of giant thermoelectric power factor in type-VIII clathrate Si46. Sci. Rep. 4, 7028.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Phanse, Y., Carrillo-Conde, B.R., Ramer-Tait, A.E., Broderick, S., Kong, C.S., Rajan, K., Flick, R., Mandell, R.B., Narasimhan, B., Wannemuehler, M.J., 2014. A systems approach to designing next generation vaccines: combining α-galactose modified antigens with nanoparticle platforms. Sci. Rep. 4, 3775.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Iyengar, S.S., Parameshwaran, N., Phoha, V.V., Balakrishnan, N., Okoye, C.D., 2010. Fundamentals of Sensor Network Programming. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Rivère de Carles, N. (Ed.), 2016. Early Modern Diplomacy, Theatre and Soft Power: The Making of Peace, Early Modern Literature in History. Palgrave Macmillan UK, London.

A chapter in an edited book

Aparicio Diaz, B., Fent, T., 2006. An Agent-Based Simulation Model of Age-at-Marriage Norms, in: Billari, F.C., Fent, T., Prskawetz, A., Scheffran, J. (Eds.), Agent-Based Computational Modelling: Applications in Demography, Social, Economic and Environmental Sciences, Contributions to Economics. Physica-Verlag HD, Heidelberg, pp. 85–116.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Statistics and Probability Letters.

Blog post

Luntz, S., 2016. The Oceans Are Losing Their Largest Species [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2001. Applying Agreed-Upon Procedures: Airport and Airway Trust Fund Excise Taxes (No. GAO-01-384R). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Baxter, J.M., 2010. Enantioselective Mannich-type Reactions Promoted by Strained Silane Lewis Acids: Selective Generation of Two Contiguous Stereocenters and Entry into a Novel Class of Pyrrolidines (Doctoral dissertation). Columbia University, New York, NY.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Neuman, P.W., 2015. El desminado y la paz avanzan lentamente en Colombia. New York Times A4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smith, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Plaçais and Preat, 2013; Smith, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Plaçais and Preat, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Phanse et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Statistics and Probability Letters
Abbreviation	Stat. Probab. Lett.
ISSN (print)	0167-7152
Scope	Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty Statistics and Probability