How to format your references using the Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Searls, D. B. (2002). The language of genes. Nature, 420(6912), 211–217.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kopec, C., & Malinow, R. (2006). Neuroscience. Matters of size. Science (New York, N.Y.), 314(5805), 1554–1555.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wang, S., Hashimoto, N., & Ohnuki, S. (2013). Hydrogen-induced change in core structures of {110}[111] edge and {110}[111] screw dislocations in iron. Scientific Reports, 3, 2760.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Arendt, A. A., Echelmeyer, K. A., Harrison, W. D., Lingle, C. S., & Valentine, V. B. (2002). Rapid wastage of Alaska glaciers and their contribution to rising sea level. Science (New York, N.Y.), 297(5580), 382–386.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Tardu, S. (2011). Statistical Approach to Wall Turbulence. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Lawrenz, W. (Ed.). (2013). CAN System Engineering: From Theory to Practical Applications (2nd ed. 2013). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Flaxman, M., & Vargas-Moreno, J. C. (2012). Using “Spatial Resilience Planning” to Test Climate-Adaptive Conservation Strategies. In H. A. Karl, L. Scarlett, J. C. Vargas-Moreno, & M. Flaxman (Eds.), Restoring Lands - Coordinating Science, Politics and Action: Complexities of Climate and Governance (pp. 57–83). Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, October 20). Antimicrobial Material Could Help 3D-Printed Body Parts Resist Infection. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/antimicrobial-material-could-help-3d-printed-body-parts-resist-infection/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2006). Joint Strike Fighter: Management of the Technology Transfer Process (GAO-06-364). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ismail, A.-R. (2009). Assessing the relationship between the Internet, radio frequency identifier (RFID), and information technology (IT) flexibility: A correlational study and findings [Doctoral dissertation]. Capella University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gorman, J. (2017, October 13). The Call of the Wild. New York Times, D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Searls, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Kopec & Malinow, 2006; Searls, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kopec & Malinow, 2006)
Three or more authors: (Arendt et al., 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology
Abbreviation	Sport Exerc. Perform. Psychol.
ISSN (print)	2157-3905
ISSN (online)	2157-3913
Scope	Applied Psychology Social Psychology Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation