How to format your references using the Sport, Education and Society citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Sport, Education and Society. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Keeling, P. J. (2007). Genomics. Deep questions in the tree of life. Science (New York, N.Y.), 317(5846), 1875–1876.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kirz, J., & Miao, J. (2012). David Sayre (1924-2012). Nature, 484(7392), 38.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang, Z., Huang, X., & Lu, H. (2014). Association between red blood cell transfusion and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants. Scientific Reports, 4, 4340.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Ho, C. J. H., Balasundaram, G., Driessen, W., McLaren, R., Wong, C. L., Dinish, U. S., Attia, A. B. E., Ntziachristos, V., & Olivo, M. (2014). Multifunctional photosensitizer-based contrast agents for photoacoustic imaging. Scientific Reports, 4, 5342.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chappell, D. (2008). Parris’s Standard Form of Building Contract. Blackwell Science Ltd.

An edited book

Nolte, S., Schrempel, F., & Dausinger, F. (Eds.). (2016). Ultrashort Pulse Laser Technology: Laser Sources and Applications (1st ed. 2016, Vol. 195). Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Sadiki, A., Ahmadi, W., & Chrigui, M. (2011). Toward the Impact of Fuel Evaporation-Combustion Interaction on Spray Combustion in Gas Turbine Combustion Chambers. Part II: Influence of High Combustion Temperature on Spray Droplet Evaporation. In B. Merci, D. Roekaerts, & A. Sadiki (Eds.), Experiments and Numerical Simulations of Diluted Spray Turbulent Combustion: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Turbulent Spray Combustion (pp. 111–132). Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Sport, Education and Society.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, March 27). Shrinking Of Antarctic Ice Shelves Is Accelerating. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/shrinking-antarctic-ice-shelves-accelerating/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1995). VA Student Financial Aid: Opportunity to Reduce Overlap in Approving Education and Training Programs (HEHS-96-22). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pearson, D. (2014). A High-Level Fuzzy Logic Guidance System for an Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) Tasked to Perform an Autonomous Launch and Recovery (ALR) of an Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV) [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida Atlantic University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Nir, S. M. (2013, December 12). A Live-In Love Triangle Ends in a Beating Death. New York Times, A31.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Keeling, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Keeling, 2007; Kirz & Miao, 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kirz & Miao, 2012)
Three authors: (Zhang et al., 2014)
6 or more authors: (Ho et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Sport, Education and Society
Abbreviation	Sport Educ. Soc.
ISSN (print)	1357-3322
ISSN (online)	1470-1243
Scope	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Education Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation