How to format your references using the Spatial Statistics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Spatial Statistics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lavington, S., 2001. Obituary: Tom Kilburn (1921-2001). Nature 409, 996.

A journal article with 2 authors

McSweeney, S., Fromme, P., 2014. Crystallography: Sources of inspiration. Nature 505, 620–621.

A journal article with 3 authors

Carpi, F., Bauer, S., De Rossi, D., 2010. Materials science. Stretching dielectric elastomer performance. Science 330, 1759–1761.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Valencia, M., Bentele, M., Vaze, M.B., Herrmann, G., Kraus, E., Lee, S.E., Schär, P., Haber, J.E., 2001. NEJ1 controls non-homologous end joining in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nature 414, 666–669.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Millon, T., Grossman, S., 2007. Overcoming Resistant Personality Disorders. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Kok, J.N., Koronacki, J., Mantaras, R.L. de, Matwin, S., Mladenič, D., Skowron, A. (Eds.), 2007. Machine Learning: ECML 2007: 18th European Conference on Machine Learning, Warsaw, Poland, September 17-21, 2007. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Andresen, S., Gerarts, K., 2014. Reconstructing Children’s Concepts: Some Theoretical Ideas and Empirical Findings on Education and the Good Life, in: Stoecklin, D., Bonvin, J.-M. (Eds.), Children’s Rights and the Capability Approach: Challenges and Prospects, Children’s Well-Being: Indicators and Research. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 85–107.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Spatial Statistics.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J., 2015. Astronomers Spot Black Hole So big, It Defies Current Theories Of Galaxy Evolution [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/space/black-hole-grew-too-fast-could-rewrite-theories-galaxy-formation/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1994. SSA Services to Employers (No. HEHS-95-38R). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Karriem, K.L., 2010. The relationship between stress and emotional intelligence among direct-care workers (Doctoral dissertation). University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Somaiya, R., 2015. Reporters in Las Vegas Try to Crack Case of Who Really Owns Their Newspaper. New York Times B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lavington, 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Lavington, 2001; McSweeney and Fromme, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (McSweeney and Fromme, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Valencia et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Spatial Statistics
Abbreviation	Spat. Stat.
ISSN (print)	2211-6753
Scope