How to format your references using the Solid State Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Solid State Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

D. Carucci, Know thine enemy, Nature 430 (2004) 944–945.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

C. Koch, K. Hepp, Quantum mechanics in the brain, Nature 440 (2006) 611.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

N.O. Lindström, P. Hohenstein, J.A. Davies, Nephrons require Rho-kinase for proximal-distal polarity development, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 2692.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

J.W. Barnes, S.A. Tischkau, J.A. Barnes, J.W. Mitchell, P.W. Burgoon, J.R. Hickok, M.U. Gillette, Requirement of mammalian Timeless for circadian rhythmicity, Science 302 (2003) 439–442.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

J.L. Johnson, Probability and Statistics for Computer Science, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 1997.

An edited book

[1]

J.L. Fiadeiro, P. Inverardi, eds., Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering: 11th International Conference, FASE 2008, Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2008, Budapest, Hungary, March 29-April 6, 2008. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

N. Schrage, Physiopathology of the Cornea and Physiopathology of Eye Burns, in: F. Burgher, J. Blomet, L. Bodson, M. Gerard, A. Hall, P. Josset, L. Mathieu, H. Merle (Eds.), Chemical Ocular Burns: New Understanding and Treatments, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2011: pp. 59–76.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Solid State Sciences.

Blog post

[1]

J. Davis, Dementia Now The Leading Cause Of Death In England And Wales, IFLScience (2016).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, NASA Procurement: Challenges Remain in Implementing Improvement Reforms, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1994.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

A.D. Mills, Strategic school solutions: A capacity building framework for leaders accelerating 21st century teaching and learning, Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University, 2016.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

K. Kelly, A. Rappeport, Goldman Sachs Veteran Withdraws From Nomination to Treasury, New York Times (2017) B6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Solid State Sciences
Abbreviation	Solid State Sci.
ISSN (print)	1293-2558
Scope	General Chemistry General Materials Science Condensed Matter Physics