How to format your references using the Solid Earth Discussions citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Solid Earth Discussions. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Soloveichik, G. L.: Electrochemistry: Metal-free energy storage, Nature, 505, 163–165, 2014.

A journal article with 2 authors

Brennan, P. A. and Zufall, F.: Pheromonal communication in vertebrates, Nature, 444, 308–315, 2006.

A journal article with 3 authors

Huey, D. J., Hu, J. C., and Athanasiou, K. A.: Unlike bone, cartilage regeneration remains elusive, Science, 338, 917–921, 2012.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Mower, J. P., Stefanović, S., Young, G. J., and Palmer, J. D.: Plant genetics: gene transfer from parasitic to host plants, Nature, 432, 165–166, 2004.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pelto, M.: Recent Climate Change Impacts on Mountain Glaciers, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2017.

An edited book

Cantone, G. and Marchesi, M. (Eds.): Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming: 15th International Conference, XP 2014, Rome, Italy, May 26-30, 2014. Proceedings, Springer International Publishing, Cham, XVI, 338 p. 63 illus pp., 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Strojin, G.: Functional Simplification Through Holistic Design: The COVL Case in Slovenia, in: The Circulation of Agency in E-Justice: Interoperability and Infrastructures for European Transborder Judicial Proceedings, edited by: Contini, F. and Lanzara, G. F., Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 109–136, 2014.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Solid Earth Discussions.

Blog post

Found: Preserved Dinosaur Cells – But Sadly Scientists Still Can’t Build Jurassic World: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/found-preserved-dinosaur-cells-sadly-scientists-still-can-t-build-jurassic-world/, last access: 30 October 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Estimates of Potential Savings by Retiring Two Aircraft Carriers Early, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kannanthanathu, A. F.: Wavelet Transform and Ensemble Logistic Regression for Driver Drowsiness Detection, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley, B.: A Household In Thrall To Tales Told, New York Times, 5th May, C1, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Soloveichik, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Brennan and Zufall, 2006; Soloveichik, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Brennan and Zufall, 2006)
Three or more authors: (Mower et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Solid Earth Discussions
Abbreviation	Solid Earth Discuss.
ISSN (online)	1869-9537
Scope