How to format your references using the Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

R.E. Ley, The gene-microbe link, Nature 518 (2015) S7.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

I. Lam, S. Keeney, Nonparadoxical evolutionary stability of the recombination initiation landscape in yeast, Science 350 (2015) 932–937.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

V. Bhandawat, J. Reisert, K.-W. Yau, Elementary response of olfactory receptor neurons to odorants, Science 308 (2005) 1931–1934.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

M. Najiminaini, F. Vasefi, B. Kaminska, J.J.L. Carson, Nanohole-array-based device for 2D snapshot multispectral imaging, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013) 2589.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

A. Morgan, Eating the Big Fish, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2009.

An edited book

[1]

L.W. Kennedy, Translational Criminology and Counterterrorism: Global Threats and Local Responses, Springer, New York, NY, 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

A.P. Potylitsyn, M.I. Ryazanov, M.N. Strikhanov, A.A. Tishchenko, Diffraction Radiation at the Resonant Frequency, in: M.I. Ryazanov, M.N. Strikhanov, A.A. Tishchenko (Eds.), Diffraction Radiation from Relativistic Particles, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2011: pp. 137–147.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells.

Blog post

[1]

J. Fang, Researchers Sequenced 430,000-Year-Old DNA From Neanderthal Relative, IFLScience (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/researchers-sequenced-430000-year-old-dna-neanderthal-relative/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Health Care: Continued Leadership Needed to Define and Implement Information Technology Standards, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2005.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

J.L. Schulz, Factors Affecting Prey Availability and Habitat Usage of Wintering Piping Plovers (Charadrius melodus) in Coastal Louisiana, Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisiana, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Wagner, Gifts From a Fan Give Cespedes a Lift, New York Times (2016) B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
Abbreviation	Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells
ISSN (print)	0927-0248
Scope	Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Surfaces, Coatings and Films