How to format your references using the Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Pryciak PM. Systems biology. Customized signaling circuits. Science 2008;319:1489–90.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Shao Z, Vollrath F. Surprising strength of silkworm silk. Nature 2002;418:741.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Häkkinen S, Rhines PB, Worthen DL. Atmospheric blocking and Atlantic multidecadal ocean variability. Science 2011;334:655–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Zhao H, Holladay JE, Brown H, Zhang ZC. Metal chlorides in ionic liquid solvents convert sugars to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Science 2007;316:1597–600.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Chateigner D. Combined Analysis. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

[1]

Ioannides M, Quak E, editors. 3D Research Challenges in Cultural Heritage: A Roadmap in Digital Heritage Preservation. vol. 8355. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Asatiani R. The Information Structure and Typological Peculiarities of the Georgian Passive Constructions. In: Bezhanishvili G, Löbner S, Marra V, Richter F, editors. Logic, Language, and Computation: 9th International Tbilisi Symposium on Logic, Language, and Computation, TbiLLC 2011, Kutaisi, Georgia, September 26-30, 2011, Revised Selected Papers, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013, p. 17–34.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Diverse Species Of World’s Largest Lake Threatened By Mongolian Dam And Pipeline. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/diverse-species-world-s-largest-lake-threatened-mongolian-dam-and-pipeline/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Mass Transit: Challenges in Securing Transit Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2002.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Castro Deller E. Recognizing signs of dementia: A curriculum for child welfare workers. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Rothenberg B. It’s Jelena Ostapenko on Her ID, and Alona to Those in the Know. New York Times 2017:SP7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering
Abbreviation	Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng.
ISSN (print)	0267-7261
Scope	Soil Science Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Civil and Structural Engineering