How to format your references using the Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Umstadter D. Laser light splits atom. Nature 2000;404:239.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Haga SB, Venter JC. Genetics. FDA races in wrong direction. Science 2003;301:466.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Marusic I, Mathis R, Hutchins N. Predictive model for wall-bounded turbulent flow. Science 2010;329:193–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Zhao H, Zhou Z, Dong H, Zhang L, Chen H, Hou L. A facile method to align carbon nanotubes on polymeric membrane substrate. Sci Rep 2013;3:3480.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Paul CR. Transmission Lines in Digital Systems for EMC Practitioners. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Iqbal SM, Bashir R, editors. Nanopores: Sensing and Fundamental Biological Interactions. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Fritzsche B, Kirstein B, Mädler C. On a Special Parametrization of Matricial α-Stieltjes One-sided Non-negative Definite Sequences. In: Alpay D, Kirstein B, editors. Interpolation, Schur Functions and Moment Problems II, Basel: Springer; 2012, p. 211–50.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering.

Blog post

[1]

Andrews R. Glacial “Aftershock” Causes City-Sized Chunk Of Ice To Break From Antarctica. IFLScience 2017.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Aviation Security: Efforts to Measure Effectiveness and Address Challenges. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2003.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Sarantopoulos ND. The relationship between values and leadership styles of nonprofit leaders. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Shear MD. Questions and Answers About the Ruling. New York Times 2017:A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering
Abbreviation	Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng.
ISSN (print)	0267-7261
Scope	Soil Science Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Civil and Structural Engineering