How to format your references using the SOIL citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for SOIL. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ferrari, R.: Oceanography: What goes down must come up, Nature, 513, 179–180, 2014.

A journal article with 2 authors

Becker, A. and Grünewald, U.: Disaster management. Flood risk in Central Europe, Science, 300, 1099, 2003.

A journal article with 3 authors

Canfield, D. E., Poulton, S. W., and Narbonne, G. M.: Late-Neoproterozoic deep-ocean oxygenation and the rise of animal life, Science, 315, 92–95, 2007.

A journal article with 100 or more authors

Pimenta, B. V. S., Haddad, C. F. B., Nascimento, L. B., Cruz, C. A. G., and Pombal, J. P., Jr: Comment on “Status and trends of amphibian declines and extinctions worldwide,” Science, 309, 1999; author reply 1999, 2005.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Knight, H. J.: Patent Strategy, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2012.

An edited book

Caselles, V.: Geometric Description of Images as Topographic Maps, edited by: Monasse, P., Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, XVII, 192 p pp., 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

Goodman, J., Langdon, P. M., and Clarkson, P. J.: Providing Strategic User Information for Designers: Methods and Initial Findings, in: Designing Accessible Technology, edited by: Clarkson, J., Langdon, P., and Robinson, P., Springer, London, 41–51, 2006.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for SOIL.

Blog post

Bird Cries Wolf, Then Steals Your Juicy Grub:

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Air Force Contracting: Contracting for Maintenance of Training Aircraft at Columbus Air Force Base, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1988.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tsai, C.-N.: A simulation study of hierarchical wireless sensor networks, Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Tackett, M.: Virginia Election May Hinge on Immigrants. Will They Vote?, New York Times, 28th October, A17, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ferrari, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Becker and Grünewald, 2003; Ferrari, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Becker and Grünewald, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Pimenta et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	SOIL
ISSN (print)	2199-3971
ISSN (online)	2199-398X
Scope