How to format your references using the Smart Materials and Structures citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Smart Materials and Structures. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Reich J 2015 Education research. Rebooting MOOC research Science 347 34–5

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Kluwe C and Ellington A D 2010 Evolution. RNA GPS Science 330 330–1

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Chen W, Zhang S and Long X 2013 Polarisation control through an optical feedback technique and its application in precise measurements Sci. Rep. 3 1992

A journal article with 99 or more authors

[1]

Ikegami M, Uemura T, Kishioka A, Sakimura K and Mishina M 2014 Striatal dopamine D1 receptor is essential for contextual fear conditioning Sci. Rep. 4 3976

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Beneke D, Peters M, Glasser D and Hildebrandt D 2012 Understanding Distillation Using Column Profile Maps (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.)

An edited book

[1]

Chin S 2011 Pro Android Flash ed D Iverson, O Campesato and P Trani (Berkeley, CA: Apress)

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Astorg P 2010 ω-3 PUFAs and Prostate Cancer: Epidemiological Studies Dietary Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cancer ed G Calviello and S Serini (Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands) pp 109–48

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Smart Materials and Structures.

Blog post

[1]

Fang J 2014 Successful Spider Cities Require Just the Right Mix of Females IFLScience

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office 2003 Aviation Safety: Advancements Being Pursued to Improve Airliner Cabin Occupant Safety and Health (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Lam N N 2013 The effect of racial disparities and adult supervision in Human Papillomavirus knowledge among female adolescents Doctoral dissertation (Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Hollander S 2002 Golden Arms Tourney Continues a Quest New York Times 86

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Smart Materials and Structures
Abbreviation	Smart Mater. Struct.
ISSN (print)	0964-1726
ISSN (online)	1361-665X
Scope	Signal Processing Civil and Structural Engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering Mechanics of Materials General Materials Science Condensed Matter Physics Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics