How to format your references using the Sleep Medicine Reviews citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Sleep Medicine Reviews. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Fuyuno I. Plastic promises. Nature 2007;446:715.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Kueh HY, Mitchison TJ. Structural plasticity in actin and tubulin polymer dynamics. Science 2009;325:960–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Hibbett DS, Gilbert LB, Donoghue MJ. Evolutionary instability of ectomycorrhizal symbioses in basidiomycetes. Nature 2000;407:506–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Tsiganis K, Gomes R, Morbidelli A, Levison HF. Origin of the orbital architecture of the giant planets of the Solar System. Nature 2005;435:459–61.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Kasper S, Montgomery S. Treatment-resistant Depression. Oxford: John Wiley & Sons; 2013.

An edited book

[1]

Tarokh V, editor. New Directions in Wireless Communications Research. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Wang G, Wang X, Liu X, Li Q. Diversity and Biogeochemical Function of Planktonic Fungi in the Ocean. In: Raghukumar C, editor. Biology of Marine Fungi, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012, p. 71–88.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Sleep Medicine Reviews.

Blog post

[1]

Fang J. This Lacewing Bacterium Kills Only Males. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/this-lacewing-bacterium-kills-only-males/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. U.S. Aerospace Industry: Progress in Implementing Aerospace Commission Recommendations, and Remaining Challenges. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2006.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Sylvain O. Domesticating “the Great, Throbbing, Common Pulse of America”: A Study of the Ideological Origins of the Radio Act of 1927. Doctoral dissertation. Columbia University, 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Chira S. When a House Falls in the Forest. New York Times 2013:D4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Sleep Medicine Reviews
Abbreviation	Sleep Med. Rev.
ISSN (print)	1087-0792
Scope	Clinical Neurology Physiology (medical) Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine Neurology