How to format your references using the Sleep Medicine Reviews citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Sleep Medicine Reviews. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Polster B. Mathematics: What is the best way to lace your shoes? Nature 2002;420:476.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Bond AB, Kamil AC. Visual predators select for crypticity and polymorphism in virtual prey. Nature 2002;415:609–13.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Doeller CF, Barry C, Burgess N. Evidence for grid cells in a human memory network. Nature 2010;463:657–61.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Boorum MM, Vasil’ev YV, Drewello T, Scott LT. Groundwork for a rational synthesis of C60: cyclodehydrogenation of a C60H30 polyarene. Science 2001;294:828–31.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Ravindran K. The Mathematics of Financial Models. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Simeonov L, Sargsyan V, editors. Soil Chemical Pollution, Risk Assessment, Remediation and Security. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Anderson R. Can We Fix the Security Economics of Federated Authentication? (Transcript of Discussion). In: Christianson B, Crispo B, Malcolm J, Stajano F, editors. Security Protocols XIX: 19th International Workshop, Cambridge, UK, March 28-30, 2011, Revised Selected Papers, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011, p. 33–48.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Sleep Medicine Reviews.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. There’s Much More To Bees Than Queens, Honey And Hives. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/there-s-much-more-bees-queens-honey-and-hives/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. DOD Service Academies: Academy Preparatory Schools Need a Clearer Mission and Better Oversight. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Johnson AS. Fatigue Behavior and Microstructure of Direct Laser Deposited Inconel 718 Alloy. Doctoral dissertation. Mississippi State University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Barnes B, Cieply M. Gettys Again Made to Cope With Grief in Public Eye. New York Times 2015:A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Sleep Medicine Reviews
Abbreviation	Sleep Med. Rev.
ISSN (print)	1087-0792
Scope	Clinical Neurology Physiology (medical) Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine Neurology