How to format your references using the Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Kargel JS. Planetary science. Proof for water, hints of life? Science 2004;306:1689–91.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Marek PE, Bond JE. Biodiversity hotspots: rediscovery of the world’s leggiest animal. Nature 2006;441:707.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Fouchier RAM, Herfst S, Osterhaus ADME. Public health and biosecurity. Restricted data on influenza H5N1 virus transmission. Science 2012;335:662–3.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Carrelha J, Meng Y, Kettyle LM, Luis TC, Norfo R, Alcolea V, et al. Hierarchically related lineage-restricted fates of multipotent haematopoietic stem cells. Nature 2018;554:106–11.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Wiens JA. Ecological Challenges and Conservation Conundrums. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

[1]

Karanasios E. Autophagy at the Cell, Tissue and Organismal Level. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Burgeth B, Kleefeld A. Order Based Morphology for Color Images via Matrix Fields. In: Westin C-F, Vilanova A, Burgeth B, editors. Visualization and Processing of Tensors and Higher Order Descriptors for Multi-Valued Data, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014, p. 75–95.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal.

Blog post

[1]

Taub B. Scientists Have Discovered That Stingrays Chew Their Food. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/scientists-have-discovered-that-stingrays-chew-their-food/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Federal Research and Development: Contributions to and Results of the Small Business Technology Transfer Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2001.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Parker HA. Virtual Mate Poaching: A study of the tactics used to poach a potential mate on Social Networking Sites. Doctoral dissertation. Capella University, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Feeney K. For Future Iron Chefs, More Places to Learn. New York Times 2010:NJ13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal
Abbreviation	Hong Kong Physiother. J.
ISSN (print)	1013-7025
Scope	Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation

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