How to format your references using the Geoarchaeology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Geoarchaeology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Shaw, R. (2009). Journal club. A cancer researcher ponders a fundamental connection between nutrients and gene expression. Nature, 462, 829.

A journal article with 2 authors

Orsini, A., & Falconi, C. (2014). Real-time monitoring of the solution growth of ZnO nanorods arrays by quartz microbalances and in-situ temperature sensors. Scientific reports, 4, 6285.

A journal article with 3 authors

Tilmann, F., Ni, J., & INDEPTH III Seismic Team. (2003). Seismic imaging of the downwelling Indian lithosphere beneath central Tibet. Science (New York, N.Y.), 300, 1424–1427.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Michaelis, J., Hettich, C., Mlynek, J., & Sandoghdar, V., V. (2000). Optical microscopy using a single-molecule light source. Nature, 405, 325–328.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schumann, W. (2006). Dynamics of the Bacterial Chromosome. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Benner, P., Findeisen, R., Flockerzi, D., Reichl, U., & Sundmacher, K. (Eds.). (2014). Large-Scale Networks in Engineering and Life Sciences. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Yazdanpanah, A. P., & Faez, K. (2009). Normalizing Human Ear in Proportion to Size and Rotation. In D.-S. Huang, K.-H. Jo, H.-H. Lee, H.-J. Kang, & V. Bevilacqua (Eds.), Emerging Intelligent Computing Technology and Applications: 5th International Conference on Intelligent Computing, ICIC 2009, Ulsan, South Korea, September 16-19, 2009. Proceedings (pp. 37–45). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Geoarchaeology.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2016, July 20). Adorable Slow Lorises Will Go For The Most Potent Of Drinks. IFLScience. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1996). Transportation Issue Area: Active Assignments (No. AA-96-18(1)). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ghadimian, V. (2017). Renewable Energy Marketplace (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard, M. (2012, July 22). A Class For Every Yoga Mood. New York Times, p. ST9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Shaw, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Shaw, 2009; Orsini & Falconi, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Orsini & Falconi, 2014)
Three authors: (Tilmann, Ni, & INDEPTH III Seismic Team, 2003)
4 or more authors: (Michaelis et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Geoarchaeology
Abbreviation	Geoarchaeology
ISSN (print)	0883-6353
ISSN (online)	1520-6548
Scope	Archaeology Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)

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