How to format your references using the Sleep Health: Journal of the National Sleep Foundation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Sleep Health: Journal of the National Sleep Foundation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ciesla FJ. Planetary science. Observing our origins. Science. 2008;319(5869):1488-1489.

A journal article with 2 authors

Abel GJ, Sander N. Quantifying global international migration flows. Science. 2014;343(6178):1520-1522.

A journal article with 3 authors

Stern P, Hines PJ, Travis J. The aging brain. Introduction. Science. 2014;346(6209):566-567.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Pandey A, Misra P, Bhambhani S, Bhatia C, Trivedi PK. Expression of Arabidopsis MYB transcription factor, AtMYB111, in tobacco requires light to modulate flavonol content. Sci Rep. 2014;4:5018.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cooney KA, Chappell JR, Callan RJ, Connally BA. Veterinary Euthanasia Techniques. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,; 2012.

An edited book

Jacko JA, ed. Human-Computer Interaction. Interaction Design and Usability: 12th International Conference, HCI International 2007, Beijing, China, July 22-27, 2007, Proceedings, Part I. Vol 4550. Springer; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

Liu YH, Wang H. Adaptive Visual Servoing of Robot Manipulators. In: Kawamura S, Svinin M, eds. Advances in Robot Control: From Everyday Physics to Human-Like Movements. Springer; 2006:55-82.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Sleep Health: Journal of the National Sleep Foundation.

Blog post

Hamilton K. Giant, Tubular Creature Caught On Camera Under The Sea. IFLScience. Published April 3, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/giant-tubular-creature-under-sea/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Review of ROTC Consortium Agreement. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1978.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Maddirala RR. Secure File Transfers Using Mobile Device. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gorman J. With Lasers in the Flight Plan, Goggles Are Vital. New York Times. December 21, 2016:D2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Sleep Health: Journal of the National Sleep Foundation
Abbreviation	Sleep Health
ISSN (print)	2352-7218
Scope

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