How to format your references using the Sleep and Breathing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Sleep and Breathing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Patterson W (2007) Fifty years of hopes and fears. Nature 449:664

A journal article with 2 authors

Hale MS, Rivkin RB (2006) Comment on “Nature of phosphorus limitation in the ultraoligotrophic eastern Mediterranean.” Science 312:1748; author reply 1748

A journal article with 3 authors

Exadaktylos F, Espín AM, Brañas-Garza P (2013) Experimental subjects are not different. Sci Rep 3:1213

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Kerr B, Neuhauser C, Bohannan BJM, Dean AM (2006) Local migration promotes competitive restraint in a host-pathogen “tragedy of the commons.” Nature 442:75–78

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wilson DA (2014) Interpreting Land Records. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Michaelides S (2008) Precipitation: Advances in Measurement, Estimation and Prediction. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Morales JM, Conejo AJ, Madsen H, et al (2014) Managing Uncertainty with Flexibility. In: Conejo AJ, Madsen H, Pinson P, Zugno M (eds) Integrating Renewables in Electricity Markets: Operational Problems. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp 137–171

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Sleep and Breathing.

Blog post

Davis J (2017) All-Female Hybrid Salamanders Take Genes From Males Of Three Different Species To Breed. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2013) Transportation Security: TSA Could Strengthen Oversight of Allegations of Employee Misconduct. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kory R (2017) Development of an educational seminar for college female athletes, coaches, athletic directors and parents on the female athlete triad. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney K (2010) In Search of Flavors That Go Beyond The Deli Counter. New York Times NJ11

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Sleep and Breathing
Abbreviation	Sleep Breath.
ISSN (print)	1520-9512
ISSN (online)	1522-1709
Scope	Clinical Neurology Otorhinolaryngology