How to format your references using the Circulation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Circulation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ohlsson R. Genetics. Widespread monoallelic expression. Science. 2007;318:1077–1078.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gottlieb J, Mazzoni P. Neuroscience. Action, illusion, and perception. Science. 2004;303:317–318.

A journal article with 3 authors

Saá P, Castilla J, Soto C. Presymptomatic detection of prions in blood. Science. 2006;313:92–94.

A journal article with 99 or more authors

Brandl K, Plitas G, Mihu CN, Ubeda C, Jia T, Fleisher M, Schnabl B, DeMatteo RP, Pamer EG. Vancomycin-resistant enterococci exploit antibiotic-induced innate immune deficits. Nature. 2008;455:804–807.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cooney N. How to Be Great at Doing Good. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2015.

An edited book

Preneel B, Ikonomou D, editors. Privacy Technologies and Policy: First Annual Privacy Forum, APF 2012, Limassol, Cyprus, October 10-11, 2012, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Weyandt LL, DuPaul GJ. Psychosocial Treatment and Educational Interventions. In: DuPaul GJ, editor. College Students with ADHD: Current Issues and Future Directions. New York, NY: Springer; 2013. p. 61–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Circulation.

Blog post

Hale T. Facebook To Use Artificial Intelligence To Spot Suicidal Users [Internet]. IFLScience. 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30];Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/facebook-to-use-artificial-intelligence-to-spot-suicidal-users-/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. NASA Procurement: Status of Efforts to Improve Oversight. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hau CC. Beliefs of nurse practitioner students toward testicular cancer and teaching testicular self-examinations. 2012;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Glassman JK. The G.O.P. Needs You: Vote Clinton. New York Times. 2016;A21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Circulation
Abbreviation	Circulation
ISSN (print)	0009-7322
ISSN (online)	1524-4539
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Physiology (medical)

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