How to format your references using the Biomatter citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biomatter. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nachtsheim BJ. Chemistry. Creating antioxidants by oxidation catalysis. Science 2014; 345:270–1.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bayon R, Jenkins M. The business of biodiversity. Nature 2010; 466:184–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rogers JA, Lagally MG, Nuzzo RG. Synthesis, assembly and applications of semiconductor nanomembranes. Nature 2011; 477:45–53.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Baerenfaller K, Grossmann J, Grobei MA, Hull R, Hirsch-Hoffmann M, Yalovsky S, Zimmermann P, Grossniklaus U, Gruissem W, Baginsky S. Genome-scale proteomics reveals Arabidopsis thaliana gene models and proteome dynamics. Science 2008; 320:938–41.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Godula-Jopek A, Jehle W, Wellnitz J. Hydrogen Storage Technologies. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2012.

An edited book

Afzalpulkar N, Srivastava V, Singh G, Bhatnagar D, editors. Proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Cognizance in Wireless Communication & Image Processing: ICRCWIP-2014. New Delhi: Springer India; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Asadi S, Farhad Masoudi S, Shahriari M. Simulation of Human Eye for Ophthalmic Brachytherapy Dosimetry Using MCNP-4C Code. In: Dössel O, Schlegel WC, editors. World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, September 7 - 12, 2009, Munich, Germany: Vol. 25/3 Radiation Protection and Dosimetry, Biological Effects of Radiation. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. page 9–12.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biomatter.

Blog post

Davis J. Turning Street Lights Off At Night Had No Effect On The Number Of Road Accidents Or Crime Rate [Internet]. IFLScience2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]; Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/turning-street-lights-night-had-no-effect-number-road-accidents-or-crime-rate/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Student Achievement: Schools Use Multiple Strategies to Help Students Meet Academic Standards, Especially Schools with Higher Proportions of Low-Income and Minority Students. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2009.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Reilly CA. Information and Communication Technology Use in the College Classroom: Adjunct Faculty Perspectives. 2014;

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barry E. Shaky Economy Dims Russian Prospects. New York Times2008; :A5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Biomatter
Abbreviation	Biomatter
ISSN (print)	2159-2527
ISSN (online)	2159-2535
Scope	Biomedical Engineering Biomaterials General Medicine Medicine (miscellaneous)