How to format your references using the Singapore Dental Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Singapore Dental Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

R.A. Gibbs, Genome-sequencing anniversary. Bringing genomics and genetics back together, Science 331 (2011) 548.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

J.M. Birch, M.H. Dickinson, Spanwise flow and the attachment of the leading-edge vortex on insect wings, Nature 412 (2001) 729–733.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

A.H. Taylor, J.I. Allen, P.A. Clark, Extraction of a weak climatic signal by an ecosystem, Nature 416 (2002) 629–632.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

H. Takahashi, K. Igawa, K. Arii, Y. Kamihara, M. Hirano, H. Hosono, Superconductivity at 43 K in an iron-based layered compound LaO(1-x)F(x)FeAs, Nature 453 (2008) 376–378.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

R.H. Sturges Jr, Practical Field Robotics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK, 2014.

An edited book

[1]

R. Mayes, D. Rixen, D.T. Griffith, D. De Klerk, S. Chauhan, S.N. Voormeeren, M.S. Allen, eds., Topics in Experimental Dynamics Substructuring and Wind Turbine Dynamics, Volume 2: Proceedings of the 30th IMAC, A Conference on Structural Dynamics, 2012, Springer, New York, NY, 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

S. Sarin, N. Dholakia, Higher Education in India at a Crossroads: The Imperative for Transcending Stagnation and Embracing Innovation, in: R.V. Turcan, J.E. Reilly, L. Bugaian (Eds.), (Re)Discovering University Autonomy: The Global Market Paradox of Stakeholder and Educational Values in Higher Education, Palgrave Macmillan US, New York, NY, 2016: pp. 55–72.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Singapore Dental Journal.

Blog post

[1]

R. Andrews, 83 Percent Of Us Will Suffer From A Mental Disorder, According To Study, IFLScience (2017).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Mistake In Proposal Alleged After Award, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1973.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

A. Cortez, Life Is A Highway: Finding Your Way and Finding the Words, Doctoral dissertation, University of Louisiana, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

J. Markoff, Can Robot Cars Trust Us?, New York Times (2017) B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Singapore Dental Journal
Abbreviation	Singapore Dent. J.
ISSN (print)	0377-5291
Scope	General Dentistry