How to format your references using the Shakespeare citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Shakespeare. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Grayson, Michelle. 2010. “Parkinson’s Disease.” Nature 466 (7310): S1.

A journal article with 2 authors

Guigó, Roderic, and Juan Valcárcel. 2015. “RNA. Prescribing Splicing.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 347 (6218): 124–125.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bonabeau, E., M. Dorigo, and G. Theraulaz. 2000. “Inspiration for Optimization from Social Insect Behaviour.” Nature 406 (6791): 39–42.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Leeman, Dena S., Katja Hebestreit, Tyson Ruetz, Ashley E. Webb, Andrew McKay, Elizabeth A. Pollina, Ben W. Dulken, et al. 2018. “Lysosome Activation Clears Aggregates and Enhances Quiescent Neural Stem Cell Activation during Aging.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 359 (6381): 1277–1283.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Knuth, Elaine. 2011. Trading Between the Lines. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Masurel, Enno, Vinnie Jauhari, Chihiro Watanabe, and Marina Geenhuizen, eds. 2009. Technological Innovation Across Nations: Applied Studies of Coevolutionary Development. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Farrugia, Karen, and Margarida Caramona. 2016. “Transitional Care: Caring Across the Interface.” In Pharmaceutical Care Issues of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: From Hospital to Community, edited by Louise Grech and Alan Lau, 71–78. Singapore: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Shakespeare.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise. 2015. “Drug-Resistant Malaria Detected In India.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/drug-resistant-malaria-threatens-india-could-spread-africa/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1999. Federal Education Funding: Allocation to State and Local Agencies for 10 Programs. HEHS-99-180. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tovar, Brenda. 2010. “A Drug and Alcohol Education and Prevention Program for Hispanic Families: A Grant Proposal.” Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dunn, Susan. 2015. “Who Lives, Who Dies.” New York Times, December 13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Grayson 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Grayson 2010; Guigó and Valcárcel 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Guigó and Valcárcel 2015)
Three authors: (Bonabeau, Dorigo, and Theraulaz 2000)
4 or more authors: (Leeman et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Shakespeare
ISSN (print)	1745-0918
ISSN (online)	1745-0926
Scope	Literature and Literary Theory Visual Arts and Performing Arts