How to format your references using the Shakespeare citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Shakespeare. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Distel, James R. 2006. “Obituary: Raymond Davis Jr (1914-2006).” Nature 442 (7099): 150.

A journal article with 2 authors

Saltmarsh, M. J., and Dan Shapira. 2002. “Questions Regarding Nuclear Emissions in Cavitation Experiments.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 297 (5587): 1603; discussion 1603.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bruskotter, Jeremy T., Sherry A. Enzler, and Adrian Treves. 2011. “Science and Law. Rescuing Wolves from Politics: Wildlife as a Public Trust Resource.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 333 (6051): 1828–1829.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Robinson, Laura F., Gideon M. Henderson, Lisa Hall, and Iain Matthews. 2004. “Climatic Control of Riverine and Seawater Uranium-Isotope Ratios.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 305 (5685): 851–854.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chase, Charles W., Jr. 2013. Demand-Driven Forecasting. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Marchisio, Daniele L., and Rodney O. Fox, eds. 2007. Multiphase Reacting Flows: Modelling and Simulation. Vol. 492. CISM International Centre for Mechanical Sciences. Vienna: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Brubaker, Robert R. 2012. “Consequences of Missense Mutations in Yersinia Pestis: Efficient Flow of Metabolic Carbon Versus Virulence.” In Advances in Yersinia Research, edited by Alzira Maria Paiva de Almeida and Nilma Cintra Leal, 31–38. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. New York, NY: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Shakespeare.

Blog post

Andrews, Robin. 2016. “An ‘Emotional AI’ Is Being Developed By A Team Of Russian Researchers.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/emotional-ai-developed-team-russian-researchers/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2007. Telecommunications: GSA Has Accumulated Adequate Funding for Transition to New Contracts but Needs Cost Estimation Policy. GAO-07-268. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ackerman, Gary L. 2009. “Information Technology in the K–12 Classroom: Curriculum and Instruction Reflecting Emerging Capacity and Paradigms.” Doctoral dissertation, Scottsdale, AZ: Northcentral University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Van Gelder, Sophia Kishkovsky; Compiled by Lawrence. 2005. “Arts, Briefly; Russia: Happy Birthday, Maya.” New York Times, November 17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Distel 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Distel 2006; Saltmarsh and Shapira 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Saltmarsh and Shapira 2002)
Three authors: (Bruskotter, Enzler, and Treves 2011)
4 or more authors: (Robinson et al. 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Shakespeare
ISSN (print)	1745-0918
ISSN (online)	1745-0926
Scope	Literature and Literary Theory Visual Arts and Performing Arts