How to format your references using the Service Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Service Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bohman T (2009) Mathematics. Emergence of connectivity in networks. Science 323(5920):1438–1439.

A journal article with 2 authors

Du JL, Poo MM (2004) Rapid BDNF-induced retrograde synaptic modification in a developing retinotectal system. Nature 429(6994):878–883.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hiroi T, Zolensky ME, Pieters CM (2001) The Tagish Lake meteorite: a possible sample from a D-type asteroid. Science 293(5538):2234–2236.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Giraudo CG, Garcia-Diaz A, Eng WS, Chen Y, Hendrickson WA, Melia TJ, Rothman JE (2009) Alternative zippering as an on-off switch for SNARE-mediated fusion. Science 323(5913):512–516.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Coe JT (2000) Unlikely Victory: How General Electric Succeeded in the Chemical Industry (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ).

An edited book

Whittle J, Clark T, Kühne T eds. (2011) Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems: 14th International Conference, MODELS 2011, Wellington, New Zealand, October 16-21, 2011. Proceedings (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg).

A chapter in an edited book

Buldú JM, Sevilla-Escoboza R, Aguirre J, Papo D, Gutiérrez R (2016) Interconnecting Networks: The Role of Connector Links. Garas A, ed. Interconnected Networks. Understanding Complex Systems. (Springer International Publishing, Cham), 61–77.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Service Science.

Blog post

Davis J (2016) The World’s Environments Are Being Destroyed Faster Than They Can Recover. IFLScience. Retrieved (October 30, 2018), .

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2015) Information Security: Department of Education and Other Federal Agencies Need to Better Implement Controls (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Fearrington ND (2008) The relationship between fathers’ pre -natal involvement with the mother and post -natal involvement with the child(ren). Doctoral dissertation. (Capella University, Minneapolis, MN).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon M (2013) A Scandal Leaves Its Mark. New York Times (February 16).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bohman 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Bohman 2009, Du and Poo 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Du and Poo 2004)
Three or more authors: (Giraudo et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Service Science
ISSN (online)	2164-3970
Scope