How to format your references using the Service Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Service Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wadman M (2001) US blood ban underlines CJD fears. Nature 412(6842):7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Chou IH, Chouard T (2008) Neuropsychiatric disease. Nature 455(7215):889.

A journal article with 3 authors

Raihani NJ, Grutter AS, Bshary R (2010) Punishers benefit from third-party punishment in fish. Science 327(5962):171.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Gaudier M, Schuwirth BS, Westcott SL, Wigley DB (2007) Structural basis of DNA replication origin recognition by an ORC protein. Science 317(5842):1213–1216.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bouchet O (2012) Wireless Optical Communications (John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ).

An edited book

Rodríguez-Bolívar MP ed. (2014) Measuring E-government Efficiency: The Opinions of Public Administrators and Other Stakeholders (Springer, New York, NY).

A chapter in an edited book

Cramp DS (2008) The Trial Judge. Kraushar MF, ed. Risk Prevention in Ophthalmology. (Springer, New York, NY), 37–39.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Service Science.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J (2015) “Chemical Gardens” On The Seafloor May Have Provided The Spark For Life On Earth. IFLScience. Retrieved (October 30, 2018), https://www.iflscience.com/space/chemical-gardens-sea-floor-may-have-provided-spark-life-earth/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1989) ADP Budget: Department of the Army’s Information Technology Systems Obligations (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hambarsoomian H (2017) Classification of Placental Chorionic Surface Vasculature Network Features Using Machine Learning Techniques. Doctoral dissertation. (California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kolomatsky M (2017) Does a Building’s Age Affect the Rent? New York Times (August 18).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wadman 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Chou and Chouard 2008, Wadman 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Chou and Chouard 2008)
Three or more authors: (Gaudier et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Service Science
ISSN (online)	2164-3970
Scope