How to format your references using the Semiconductor Science and Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Semiconductor Science and Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Lack H W 2001 Floral tributes Nature 411 137

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Gray J A and Roth B L 2002 Cell biology. A last GASP for GPCRs? Science 297 529–31

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Chu L, Xiao K-J and Yu J-Q 2014 Room-temperature enantioselective C-H iodination via kinetic resolution Science 346 451–5

A journal article with 99 or more authors

[1]

Lin S, Dikler S, Blincoe W D, Ferguson R D, Sheridan R P, Peng Z, Conway D V, Zawatzky K, Wang H, Cernak T, Davies I W, DiRocco D A, Sheng H, Welch C J and Dreher S D 2018 Mapping the dark space of chemical reactions with extended nanomole synthesis and MALDI-TOF MS Science 361

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Scharf T 2006 Polarized Light in Liquid Crystals and Polymers (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.)

An edited book

[1]

Hell R, Dahl C, Knaff D and Leustek T 2008 Sulfur Metabolism in Phototrophic Organisms vol 27 (Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands)

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Barnes A J 2016 Childhood Stress and Resilience Health Promotion for Children and Adolescents Blueprints for violence prevention series ed M R Korin (Boston, MA: Springer US) pp 85–98

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Semiconductor Science and Technology.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E 2015 Treating Ebola Has Focused On The Physical – But There Will Be Mental Scars Too IFLScience

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office 1977 The Legality of the Release of Construction Grant Funds by the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare for the University of California’s Proposed School of Dentistry (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Liao W 2010 The epitope specificity of the human anti-Candida albicans antibody M1g1 Doctoral dissertation (Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Billard M 2010 For Stepping Across a Bridge New York Times E5

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Semiconductor Science and Technology
Abbreviation	Semicond. Sci. Technol.
ISSN (print)	0268-1242
ISSN (online)	1361-6641
Scope	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Materials Chemistry Condensed Matter Physics