How to format your references using the SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Heller, E. 2000. Electrons in the looking glass 403, 489, 491.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sedda, L., Rogers, D.J. 2013. The influence of the wind in the Schmallenberg virus outbreak in Europe 3, 3361.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wu, Q., Clark, M.S., Palmiter, R.D. 2012. Deciphering a neuronal circuit that mediates appetite 483, 594–597.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kumagai, H., Ohminato, T., Nakano, M., Ooi, M., Kubo, A., Inoue, H., Oikawa, J. 2001. Very-long-period seismic signals and caldera formation at Miyake Island, Japan 293, 687–690.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Scott, K. 2017. Sustainable and Green Electrochemical Science and Technology (Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd),.

An edited book

P, D. 2015. Operators for Similarity Search: Semantics, Techniques and Usage Scenarios (Cham: Springer International Publishing),.

A chapter in an edited book

Dünnweber, J., Gorlatch, S., Aldinucci, M., Campa, S., Danelutto, M. 2007. Adaptable Parallel Components for Grid Programming In Integrated Research in GRID Computing: CoreGRID Integration Workshop 2005 (Selected Papers) November 28–30, Pisa, Italy, S. Gorlatch, M. Danelutto, eds. (Boston, MA: Springer US), pp. 43–57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2014. Caterpillar uses toxic breath as a defense mechanism [Internet] IFLScience),.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2011. USDA Systems Modernization: Management and Oversight Improvements Are Needed (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office),. Report No.: GAO-11-586.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ramirez, B.N. 2012. Middle School English Language Learner Electronic Media Usage and Its Relationship to Reading Doctoral dissertation [Phoenix, AZ]: University of Phoenix),.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon, M. 2012. The Olympians’ Housemother , B12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Heller 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Heller 2000; Sedda and Rogers 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sedda and Rogers 2013)
Three or more authors: (Kumagai et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences
ISSN (print)	1674-7313
ISSN (online)	1869-1897
Scope