How to format your references using the Safety Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Safety Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Phillips, R., 2013. In retrospect: The Feynman Lectures on Physics. Nature 504, 30–31.

A journal article with 2 authors

Vogl, U., Weitz, M., 2009. Laser cooling by collisional redistribution of radiation. Nature 461, 70–73.

A journal article with 3 authors

Dillingham, M.S., Spies, M., Kowalczykowski, S.C., 2003. RecBCD enzyme is a bipolar DNA helicase. Nature 423, 893–897.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Aubert, J., Amit, H., Hulot, G., Olson, P., 2008. Thermochemical flows couple the Earth’s inner core growth to mantle heterogeneity. Nature 454, 758–761.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Obayya, S., Hameed, M.F.O., Areed, N.F.F., 2016. Computational Liquid Crystal Photonics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Ma, S., Wen, J.-R., Liu, Y., Dou, Z., Zhang, M., Chang, Y., Zhao, X. (Eds.), 2016. Information Retrieval Technology: 12th Asia Information Retrieval Societies Conference, AIRS 2016, Beijing, China, November 30 – December 2, 2016, Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Karra, S., Jelali, M., Karim, M.N., Horch, A., 2010. Detection of Oscillating Control Loops, in: Jelali, M., Huang, B. (Eds.), Detection and Diagnosis of Stiction in Control Loops: State of the Art and Advanced Methods, Advances in Industrial Control. Springer, London, pp. 61–100.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Safety Science.

Blog post

Luntz, S., 2016. Vaccines Against HPV Really Do Reduce Cervical Cancer Rates [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1999. Space Station: Cost to Operate After Assembly is Uncertain (No. NSIAD-99-177). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Luna, A.C., 2009. Analysis of the California Mental Health Services Act (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard, M., 2011. In Schools, Yoga Without the Spiritual. New York Times MB4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Phillips, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Phillips, 2013; Vogl and Weitz, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Vogl and Weitz, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Aubert et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Safety Science
Abbreviation	Saf. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0925-7535
Scope	Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety Research