How to format your references using the Rheumatology International citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Rheumatology International. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Buckingham S (2004) Bioinformatics: data’s future shock. Nature 428:774–777

A journal article with 2 authors

Ouellette AJ, Selsted ME (2012) Immunology. HD6 defensin nanonets. Science 337:420–421

A journal article with 3 authors

Insel TR, Landis SC, Collins FS (2013) Research priorities. The NIH BRAIN Initiative. Science 340:687–688

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Foresti D, Sambatakakis G, Bottan S, Poulikakos D (2013) Morphing surfaces enable acoustophoretic contactless transport of ultrahigh-density matter in air. Sci Rep 3:3176

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hofmeyr GJ, Neilson JP, Alfirevic Z, et al (2008) A Cochrane Pocketbook: Pregnancy and Childbirth. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Gilmore WJ (2007) Beginning PHP and Oracle: From Novice to Professional. Apress, Berkeley, CA

A chapter in an edited book

Wagner H, Bauer R, Melchart D, et al (2011) Fructus Schisandrae — Wuweizi. In: Wagner H, Bauer R, Melchart D, et al (eds) Chromatographic Fingerprint Analysis of Herbal Medicines: Thin-layer and High Performance Liquid Chromatography of Chinese Drugs. Springer, Vienna, pp 37–44

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Rheumatology International.

Blog post

Luntz S (2015) Amazing Video Shows What LA’s Night Skies Would Look Like Without Pollution. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1978) The Management and Operation of the Runaway Youth Program Administered by the Administration for Children, Youth, and Families, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Krishna S (2017) Pediatric Pal. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L (2007) High Court Puts Limits On Patents. New York Times C1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Rheumatology International
Abbreviation	Rheumatol. Int.
ISSN (print)	0172-8172
ISSN (online)	1437-160X
Scope	Immunology Immunology and Allergy Rheumatology

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