How to format your references using the Research in Higher Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Research in Higher Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik, P. (2002). Empire building: Vienna. Nature, 416(6881), 4–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Liu, J., & Yang, W. (2012). Water management. Water sustainability for China and beyond. Science (New York, N.Y.), 337(6095), 649–650.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zarrinpar, A., Park, S.-H., & Lim, W. A. (2003). Optimization of specificity in a cellular protein interaction network by negative selection. Nature, 426(6967), 676–680.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Hurford, T. A., Helfenstein, P., Hoppa, G. V., Greenberg, R., & Bills, B. G. (2007). Eruptions arising from tidally controlled periodic openings of rifts on Enceladus. Nature, 447(7142), 292–294.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bender, H. F. (2002). Das Gefahrstoffbuch. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Dvorkin, E. N. (2013). Finite Element Analysis of the Collapse and Post-Collapse Behavior of Steel Pipes: Applications to the Oil Industry. (R. G. Toscano, Ed.). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Quastel, J., & Remenik, D. (2014). Airy Processes and Variational Problems. In A. F. Ramírez, G. Ben Arous, P. A. Ferrari, C. M. Newman, V. Sidoravicius, & M. E. Vares (Eds.), Topics in Percolative and Disordered Systems (pp. 121–171). New York, NY: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Research in Higher Education.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2014, July 16). Non-Human DNA Discovered During Biopsy Of Ötzi The Iceman. IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1990). Early Childhood Education: What Are the Costs of High-Quality Programs? (No. HRD-90-43BR). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Brasseaux, S. (2015). The Mississippi River-Gulf Outlet and Land Changes in Louisiana Deltaic Plain, Saint Bernard Parish, Louisiana (Doctoral dissertation). University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Corkery, M., & de la MERCED, M. J. (2017, June 8). Nordstrom Family to Consider Ways of Taking Chain Private. New York Times, p. B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Liu and Yang 2012; Smaglik 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Liu and Yang 2012)
Three or more authors: (Hurford et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Research in Higher Education
Abbreviation	Res. High. Educ.
ISSN (print)	0361-0365
ISSN (online)	1573-188X
Scope	Education