How to format your references using the Research in Higher Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Research in Higher Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ball, P. (2013). DNA: Celebrate the unknowns. Nature, 496(7446), 419–420.

A journal article with 2 authors

Slabbekoorn, H., & Peet, M. (2003). Ecology: Birds sing at a higher pitch in urban noise. Nature, 424(6946), 267.

A journal article with 3 authors

Keller, R. A., Fisk, M. R., & White, W. M. (2000). Isotopic evidence for Late Cretaceous plume-ridge interaction at the Hawaiian hotspot. Nature, 405(6787), 673–676.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Moon, R. T., Bowerman, B., Boutros, M., & Perrimon, N. (2002). The promise and perils of Wnt signaling through beta-catenin. Science (New York, N.Y.), 296(5573), 1644–1646.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Noordenbos, G. (2013). Recovery from Eating Disorders. Oxford: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Schmidt, W. (Ed.). (2011). S-BPM ONE - Learning by Doing - Doing by Learning: Third International Conference, S-BPM ONE 2011, Ingolstadt, Germany, September 29-30, 2011. Proceedings (Vol. 213). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Ghezzi, C., Pezzè, M., & Tamburrelli, G. (2013). Improving Interaction with Services via Probabilistic Piggybacking. In S. Basu, C. Pautasso, L. Zhang, & X. Fu (Eds.), Service-Oriented Computing: 11th International Conference, ICSOC 2013, Berlin, Germany, December 2-5, 2013, Proceedings (pp. 39–53). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Research in Higher Education.

Blog post

Carpineti, A. (2016, September 23). Earth’s Oxygen Levels Continue To Decline. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/earth-s-oxygen-levels-continue-to-decline/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1989). Vocational Education: Opportunity to Prepare for the Future (No. HRD-89-55). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Montano, M. (2010). Supporting juvenile offenders reentering the community: A grant proposal project (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky, S. (2004, September 21). Governor Backs Pardoning Russian Who Killed Chechen Woman. New York Times, p. A5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ball 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Ball 2013; Slabbekoorn and Peet 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Slabbekoorn and Peet 2003)
Three or more authors: (Moon et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Research in Higher Education
Abbreviation	Res. High. Educ.
ISSN (print)	0361-0365
ISSN (online)	1573-188X
Scope	Education