How to format your references using the Research in Gerontological Nursing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Research in Gerontological Nursing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bowles S. Did warfare among ancestral hunter-gatherers affect the evolution of human social behaviors? Science. 2009;324(5932):1293-1298.

A journal article with 2 authors

Pulendran B, Artis D. New paradigms in type 2 immunity. Science. 2012;337(6093):431-435.

A journal article with 3 authors

Pozzi F, Di Matteo T, Aste T. Spread of risk across financial markets: better to invest in the peripheries. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1665.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Chambliss AB, Khatau SB, Erdenberger N, et al. The LINC-anchored actin cap connects the extracellular milieu to the nucleus for ultrafast mechanotransduction. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1087.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sturges RH Jr. Practical Field Robotics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

Purkayastha J, ed. Bioprospecting of Indigenous Bioresources of North-East India. Springer; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Germanakos P, Belk M. Personalization Categories and Adaptation Technologies. In: Belk M, ed. Human-Centred Web Adaptation and Personalization: From Theory to Practice. Human–Computer Interaction Series. Springer International Publishing; 2016:103-135.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Research in Gerontological Nursing.

Blog post

Fang J. Ancient Hippo-Sized Mammal Was A Suction Feeder. IFLScience. Published October 10, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/ancient-hippo-sized-mammal-was-suction-feeder/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Information Technology Management: Social Security Administration Practices Can Be Improved. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2001.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ho T. The Influence of Physical Activity and Unsafe Neighborhoods on the Development of Gestational Diabetes among Women in California. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Lee L. Connect the Blocks. New York Times. July 11, 2013:D3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Research in Gerontological Nursing
Abbreviation	Res. Gerontol. Nurs.
ISSN (print)	1940-4921
ISSN (online)	1938-2464
Scope	Geriatrics and Gerontology Health Policy Gerontology

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