How to format your references using the Research in Gerontological Nursing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Research in Gerontological Nursing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mishra J. Having it all. Science. 2014;345(6200):1090.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lutter CK, Lutter R. Fetal and early childhood undernutrition, mortality, and lifelong health. Science. 2012;337(6101):1495-1499.

A journal article with 3 authors

Pesaran B, Nelson MJ, Andersen RA. Free choice activates a decision circuit between frontal and parietal cortex. Nature. 2008;453(7193):406-409.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Forest CE, Stone PH, Sokolov AP, Allen MR, Webster MD. Quantifying uncertainties in climate system properties with the use of recent climate observations. Science. 2002;295(5552):113-117.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hartmann AK, Weigt M. Phase Transitions in Combinatorial Optimization Problems. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2005.

An edited book

Ebashi S, Ohtsuki I, eds. Regulatory Mechanisms of Striated Muscle Contraction. Vol 592. Springer Japan; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

Liu Y, Law R. The Adoption of Smartphone Applications by Airlines. In: Cantoni L, Xiang Z (phil), eds. Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2013: Proceedings of the International Conference in Innsbruck, Austria, January 22-25, 2013. Springer; 2013:47-57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Research in Gerontological Nursing.

Blog post

Andrew E. Philae Detected Organic Molecules On Comet. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Update of Economic Analysis of Impact Aid Program Reflecting the Educational Amendments of 1974. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1978.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ponti CM. The Musical Representation of Asian Characters in the Musicals of Richard Rodgers. Doctoral dissertation. University of California San Diego; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Ember S. The Empire Of Glamour Loses a King. New York Times. October 2, 2017:B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Research in Gerontological Nursing
Abbreviation	Res. Gerontol. Nurs.
ISSN (print)	1940-4921
ISSN (online)	1938-2464
Scope	Geriatrics and Gerontology Health Policy Gerontology