How to format your references using the Research in Gerontological Nursing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Research in Gerontological Nursing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sachs JD. A new global effort to control malaria. Science. 2002;298(5591):122-124.

A journal article with 2 authors

Matsukawa Y, Zinkle SJ. One-dimensional fast migration of vacancy clusters in metals. Science. 2007;318(5852):959-962.

A journal article with 3 authors

Villeneuve J, Chaussidon M, Libourel G. Homogeneous distribution of 26Al in the solar system from the Mg isotopic composition of chondrules. Science. 2009;325(5943):985-988.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Liu L, Li X, Chen J, Rong Y, Ku Z, Han H. Improvement of thiolate/disulfide mediated dye-sensitized solar cells through supramolecular lithium cation assembling of crown ether. Sci Rep. 2013;3:2413.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Dubuisson S. Tracking with Particle Filter for High-Dimensional Observation and State Spaces. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2015.

An edited book

Boutaba R, Almeroth K, Puigjaner R, Shen S, Black JP, eds. NETWORKING 2005. Networking Technologies, Services, and Protocols; Performance of Computer and Communication Networks; Mobile and Wireless Communications Systems: 4th International IFIP-TC6 Networking Conference, Waterloo, Canada, May 2-6, 2005. Proceedings. Vol 3462. Springer; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

Khalaf Z, Palicot J. New Blind Free-Band Detectors Exploiting Cyclic Autocorrelation Function Sparsity. In: Di Benedetto MG, Bader F, eds. Cognitive Communication and Cooperative HetNet Coexistence: Selected Advances on Spectrum Sensing, Learning, and Security Approaches. Signals and Communication Technology. Springer International Publishing; 2014:91-117.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Research in Gerontological Nursing.

Blog post

Carpineti A. Astronomers Discover Giant Magnetic Fields Stretching Between Galaxies. IFLScience. March 23, 2017. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/space/astronomers-discover-giant-magnetic-fields-stretching-between-galaxies/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Airline Competition: DOT and Justice Oversight of Eastern Air Lines’ Bankruptcy. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1990.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Robinson-Scott D. Policy Analysis of the Chafee Foster Care Independence Act of 1999. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Romero S. China’s Halting Forays Into Latin America. New York Times. October 3, 2015:A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Research in Gerontological Nursing
Abbreviation	Res. Gerontol. Nurs.
ISSN (print)	1940-4921
ISSN (online)	1938-2464
Scope	Geriatrics and Gerontology Health Policy Gerontology