How to format your references using the Recycling citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Recycling. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nathan, C. Microbiology. An Antibiotic Mimics Immunity. Science 2008, 322, 1337–1338.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sajish, M.; Schimmel, P. A Human TRNA Synthetase Is a Potent PARP1-Activating Effector Target for Resveratrol. Nature 2015, 519, 370–373.

A journal article with 3 authors

Jiang, W.-L.; He, H.-W.; Yang, Z.-J. The Angiotensinogen Gene Polymorphism Is Associated with Heart Failure among Asians. Sci. Rep. 2014, 4, 4207.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Xie, W.; Barwick, J.L.; Downes, M.; Blumberg, B.; Simon, C.M.; Nelson, M.C.; Neuschwander-Tetri, B.A.; Brunt, E.M.; Guzelian, P.S.; Evans, R.M. Humanized Xenobiotic Response in Mice Expressing Nuclear Receptor SXR. Nature 2000, 406, 435–439.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

DiBerardinis, L.J.; Baum, J.S.; First, M.W.; Gatwood, G.T.; Seth, A.K. Guidelines for Laboratory Design; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2013; ISBN 9781118633816.

An edited book

Recordkeeping, Ethics and Law: Regulatory Models, Participant Relationships and Rights and Responsibilities in the Online World; Iacovino, L., Ed.; The archivist’s library; Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht, 2006; Vol. 4; ISBN 9781402046919.

A chapter in an edited book

Wiltgen, B.J.; Brown, R.A.M.; Talton, L.E.; Silva, A.J. Towards a Molecular and Cellular Understanding of Remote Memory. In Memories: Molecules and Circuits; Bontempi, B., Silva, A.J., Christen, Y., Eds.; Research and Perspectives in Neurosciences; Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2007; pp. 59–67 ISBN 9783540456988.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Recycling.

Blog post

Andrew, E. There’s An Elephant In The Room Available online: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/theres-elephant-room/ (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Record Linkage and Privacy: Issues in Creating New Federal Research and Statistical Information; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2001;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Swift, I. The Perceived Effect of Hidden Costs on the Operational Management of Information Technology Outsourcing: A Qualitative Study. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix: Phoenix, AZ, 2011.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hodara, S. Art and Its Inspiration, Side by Side. New York Times 2015, CT8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Recycling
ISSN (online)	2313-4321
Scope