How to format your references using the Radiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Radiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pennisi E. Neuroscience. Monarchs check clock to chart migration route. Science. 2003;300(5623):1216–1217.

A journal article with 2 authors

Dillin A, Kelly JW. Medicine. The yin-yang of sirtuins. Science. 2007;317(5837):461–462.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sun L, Wang J, Bonaccurso E. Conductivity of individual particles measured by a microscopic four-point-probe method. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1991.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Lin Y, Skaff H, Emrick T, Dinsmore AD, Russell TP. Nanoparticle assembly and transport at liquid-liquid interfaces. Science. 2003;299(5604):226–229.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bi J. Sensory Discrimination Tests and Measurements. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

Trąpczyński P, Puślecki Ł, Jarosiński M, editors. Competitiveness of CEE Economies and Businesses: Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Challenges and Opportunities. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Schilling M, Cruse H. The Evolution of Cognition — From First Order to Second Order Embodiment. In: Wachsmuth I, Knoblich G, editors. Modeling Communication with Robots and Virtual Humans: Second ZiF Research Group International Workshop on Embodied Communication in Humans and Machines, Bielefeld, Germany, April 5-8, 2006, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. p. 77–108.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Radiology.

Blog post

Davis J. Potential For A Male Contraceptive Is One Step Closer. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/potential-for-a-male-contraceptive-is-one-step-closer/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Welfare to Work: JOBS Automated Systems Do Not Focus on Program’s Employment Objective. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1994 Jun. Report No.: AIMD-94-44.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Alla B. Wellbore Stability Analysis of Sanish Field using 3-D Finite Element Model: Bakken Case Study [Doctoral dissertation]. [ Lafayette, LA]: University of Louisiana; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Otis J. Student Gains Confidence With Help From an ‘Angel.’ New York Times. January 10, 2017;A20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Radiology
Abbreviation	Radiology
ISSN (print)	0033-8419
ISSN (online)	1527-1315
Scope	Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging