How to format your references using the Radiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Radiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smith C. Structural biology. Two geometric solutions to a transporting problem. Science. 2006;311(5758):182–183.

A journal article with 2 authors

Mohnen D, Tierney ML. Plant science. Plants get Hyp to O-glycosylation. Science. 2011;332(6036):1393–1394.

A journal article with 3 authors

Arjona A, Escudero M, Gómez CM. Updating of attentional and premotor allocation resources as function of previous trial outcome. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4526.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Kapanidis AN, Margeat E, Ho SO, Kortkhonjia E, Weiss S, Ebright RH. Initial transcription by RNA polymerase proceeds through a DNA-scrunching mechanism. Science. 2006;314(5802):1144–1147.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rees H. Supply Chain Management in the Drug Industry. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

Cash P, Stanković T, Štorga M, editors. Experimental Design Research: Approaches, Perspectives, Applications. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Zhang JC, DeAngelis DL, Zhuang JY. Development and Test of GIS-Based FUSLE Model in Sub-catchments of Chinese Fir Forest and Pine Forest in the Dabie Mountains, China. In: DeAngelis DL, Zhuang JY, editors. Theory and Practice of Soil Loss Control in Eastern China. New York, NY: Springer; 2011. p. 81–99.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Radiology.

Blog post

Andrew D. 11 Key Findings From One Of The Most Comprehensive Reports Ever On The Health Effects Of Marijuana. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/11-key-findings-from-one-of-the-most-comprehensive-reports-ever-on-the-health-effects-of-marijuana/. Accessed October 30, 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Transportation Infrastructure: Review of Project Selection Process for Five FHWA Discretionary Programs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997 Nov. Report No.: RCED-98-14.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Richey B. Exploration of a Tandem Diels-Alder Ugi-Smiles Reaction [Doctoral dissertation]. [Edwardsville, IL]: Southern Illinois University; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Conte L. Scouting Report. New York Times. May 19, 2011;E5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Radiology
Abbreviation	Radiology
ISSN (print)	0033-8419
ISSN (online)	1527-1315
Scope	Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging