How to format your references using the Queueing Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Queueing Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rausher, M.D.: Comment on “Evolutionary paths underlying flower color variation in Antirrhinum.” Science. 315, 461; author reply 461 (2007)

A journal article with 2 authors

Rowe, M.L., Goldin-Meadow, S.: Differences in early gesture explain SES disparities in child vocabulary size at school entry. Science. 323, 951–953 (2009)

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang, G., Jiang, X., Wang, E.: Tubular graphite cones. Science. 300, 472–474 (2003)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Bailey, J.V., Joye, S.B., Kalanetra, K.M., Flood, B.E., Corsetti, F.A.: Evidence of giant sulphur bacteria in Neoproterozoic phosphorites. Nature. 445, 198–201 (2007)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schumer, P.D.: Mathematical Journeys. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ (2005)

An edited book

Bokalič, M.: Spatially Resolved Characterization in Thin-Film Photovoltaics. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2015)

A chapter in an edited book

Bleyer, A., Budd, T., Montello, M.: Older Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer, and Clinical Trials: Lack of Participation and Progress in North America. In: Bleyer, W.A. and Barr, R.D. (eds.) Cancer in Adolescents and Young Adults. pp. 71–81. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2007)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Queueing Systems.

Blog post

Andrews, R.: These Rankings Reveal How Your Country Is Doing In The Fight Against Climate Change, https://www.iflscience.com/environment/these-rankings-reveal-how-your-country-is-doing-in-the-fight-against-climate-change/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Postsecondary Education: Many States Collect Graduates’ Employment Information, but Clearer Guidance on Student Privacy Requirements Is Needed. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2010)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Romanek, J.L.: The relative influence of sensation seeking and normal narcissism on academic cheating in emerging adults, (2009)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rohan, T.: War Zone at Mile 26: ‘So Many People Without Legs,’ (2013)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Queueing Systems
Abbreviation	Queueing Syst.
ISSN (print)	0257-0130
ISSN (online)	1572-9443
Scope	Computational Theory and Mathematics Computer Science Applications Management Science and Operations Research