How to format your references using the Quaternary Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Quaternary Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Abbott, A., 2000. Hunt for Higgs particle wins time for CERN collider. Nature 407, 276.

A journal article with 2 authors

Meldrum, D.R., Holl, M.R., 2002. Tech.Sight. Microfluidics. Microscale bioanalytical systems. Science 297, 1197–1198.

A journal article with 3 authors

Balser, D.S., Rood, R.T., Bania, T.M., 2007. Comment on “Deep mixing of 3He: reconciling Big Bang and stellar nucleosynthesis.” Science 317, 1170.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Russell, J.C., Towns, D.R., Anderson, S.H., Clout, M.N., 2005. Intercepting the first rat ashore. Nature 437, 1107.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Abracen, J., Looman, J., 2015. Treatment of High-Risk Sexual Offenders. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Deng, C., Ma, L., Lin, W., Ngan, K.N. (Eds.), 2015. Visual Signal Quality Assessment: Quality of Experience (QoE). Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Stastny, J., Skorpil, V., 2007. Analysis of Algorithms for Radial Basis Function Neural Network, in: Bestak, R., Simak, B., Kozlowska, E. (Eds.), Personal Wireless Communications: The 12th IFIP International Conference on Personal Wireless Communications (PWC 2007), Prague, Czech Republic, September 2007, IFIP — The International Federation for Information Processing. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp. 54–62.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Quaternary Research.

Blog post

Hale, T., 2016. Bald Eagles Caught Eating A Cat In Their Nest On Live Webcam [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/bald-eagles-bringing-kitten-their-nest-caught-live-webcam/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2007. Space Based Infrared System High Program and its Alternative (No. GAO-07-1088R). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kott, T.M., 2012. Measurements of correlated two-dimensional electrons in the lowest Landau level on silicon(111) (Doctoral dissertation). University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky, S., 2007. Kremlin Secures Price Controls On Food Items Before Elections. New York Times A14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Abbott, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Abbott, 2000; Meldrum and Holl, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Meldrum and Holl, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Russell et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Quaternary Research
Abbreviation	Quat. Res.
ISSN (print)	0033-5894
Scope	Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) General Earth and Planetary Sciences Earth-Surface Processes