How to format your references using the Puerto Rico Health Sciences Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Puerto Rico Health Sciences Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

O’Brien JL. Optical quantum computing. Science. 2007 Dec 7;318(5856):1567–70.

A journal article with 2 authors

Campbell CS, Desai A. Tension sensing by Aurora B kinase is independent of survivin-based centromere localization. Nature. 2013 May 2;497(7447):118–21.

A journal article with 3 authors

Oganov AR, Brodholt JP, Price GD. The elastic constants of MgSiO3 perovskite at pressures and temperatures of the Earth’s mantle. Nature. 2001 Jun 21;411(6840):934–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Hiramoto M, Hiromi Y, Giniger E, Hotta Y. The Drosophila Netrin receptor Frazzled guides axons by controlling Netrin distribution. Nature. 2000 Aug 24;406(6798):886–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Meyer VR. Pitfalls and Errors of HPLC in Pictures. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2013.

An edited book

Tuyls K, Westra R, Saeys Y, Nowé A, editors. Knowledge Discovery and Emergent Complexity in Bioinformatics: First International Workshop, KDECB 2006, Ghent, Belgium, May 10, 2006. Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007. X, 184 p. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; vol. 4366).

A chapter in an edited book

Der R, Martius G. A General Approach to Self-Organization — Homeokinesis. In: Martius G, editor. The Playful Machine: Theoretical Foundation and Practical Realization of Self-Organizing Robots. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 75–106. (Dillmann R, Vernon D, Nakamura Y, Schaal S, editors. Cognitive Systems Monographs).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Puerto Rico Health Sciences Journal.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Read Roald Dahl’s Heartbreaking Letter Urging Parents To Vaccinate. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/read-roald-dahls-heartbreaking-letter-urging-parents-vaccinate/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Protest Against Award of Data Processing and Mailing Contract. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1973 Sep. Report No.: B-179127.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Biermann JL. The distribution of Callinectes sapidus megalopae at the mouths of Chesapeake and Delaware Bays: Implications for larval ingress [Doctoral dissertation]. [College Park, MD]: University of Maryland, College Park; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J. By Providing Power Off the Bench, Conforto Preserves Place on Mets’ Roster. New York Times. 2017 Apr 14;B10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Puerto Rico Health Sciences Journal
ISSN (print)	0738-0658
Scope