How to format your references using the Public Health Nutrition citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Public Health Nutrition. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Blumenthal MS (2013) National Academy of Sciences: Move with the times. Nature 494, 423–424.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lumaret R & Ouazzani N (2001) Plant genetics. Ancient wild olives in Mediterranean forests. Nature 413, 700.

A journal article with 3 authors

Li Y, Zhang X & Cao D (2013) The role of shape complementarity in the protein-protein interactions. Sci. Rep. 3, 3271.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Olcott AN, Sessions AL, Corsetti FA, et al. (2005) Biomarker evidence for photosynthesis during neoproterozoic glaciation. Science 310, 471–474.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sarker DK (2013) Pharmaceutical Emulsions. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Sun C, Fang F, Zhou Z-H, et al. (editors) (2013) Intelligence Science and Big Data Engineering: 4th International Conference, IScIDE 2013, Beijing, China, July 31 – August 2, 2013, Revised Selected Papers. vol. 8261. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Makna J & Kirikova M (2011) Patterns-Based IS Change Management in SMEs. In Information Systems Development: Asian Experiences, pp. 55–66 [Song WW, Xu S, Wan C, et al., editors]. New York, NY: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Public Health Nutrition.

Blog post

Luntz S (2014) Human Language Gene Helps Mice Learn Tasks. IFLScience. IFLScience; https://www.iflscience.com/brain/human-language-gene-helps-mice-learn-tasks/ (accessed October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1991) Railroad Competitiveness: Federal Laws and Policies Affect Railroad Competitiveness. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nasiriamini S (2010) The need for adaptive network application architectures. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly C (2009) Antiques Dealers Still Scoring Big Sales. New York Times, B6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference ⁽¹⁾.
This sentence cites two references ^(1,2).
This sentence cites four references ^(1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Public Health Nutrition
Abbreviation	Public Health Nutr.
ISSN (print)	1368-9800
ISSN (online)	1475-2727
Scope	Medicine (miscellaneous) Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Nutrition and Dietetics