How to format your references using the Conservation Science and Practice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Conservation Science and Practice. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Frische, S. (2012). It is time for full disclosure of author contributions. Nature, 489, 475.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zhang, S., & Bryant, D. A. (2011). The tricarboxylic acid cycle in cyanobacteria. Science (New York, N.Y.), 334, 1551–1553.

A journal article with 3 authors

Deng, B., Zhang, R. Q., & Shi, X. Q. (2014). New insight into the spin-conserving excitation of the negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond. Scientific Reports, 4, 5144.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Cator, L. J., Arthur, B. J., Harrington, L. C., & Hoy, R. R. (2009). Harmonic convergence in the love songs of the dengue vector mosquito. Science (New York, N.Y.), 323, 1077–1079.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Quadbeck-Seeger, H.-J. (2007). World of the Elements. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Garcia-Alfaro, J., Navarro-Arribas, G., Aldini, A., Martinelli, F., & Suri, N. (Eds.). (2016). Data Privacy Management, and Security Assurance: 10th International Workshop, DPM 2015, and 4th International Workshop, QASA 2015, Vienna, Austria, September 21–22, 2015. Revised Selected Papers (1st ed. 2016). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Kecskemeti, G., Gergely, M., Visegrádi, Á., Nemeth, Z., Kovacs, J., & Kacsuk, P. (2014). One Click Cloud Orchestrator: Bringing Complex Applications Effortlessly to the Clouds. In L. Lopes, J. Žilinskas, A. Costan, R. G. Cascella, G. Kecskemeti, E. Jeannot, … M. Alexander (Eds.), Euro-Par 2014: Parallel Processing Workshops: Euro-Par 2014 International Workshops, Porto, Portugal, August 25-26, 2014, Revised Selected Papers, Part II (pp. 38–49). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Conservation Science and Practice.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2016, September 19). Researchers Develop An Inhaler To Protect Against Air Pollution.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1986). GAO Reviews of USDA Biotechnology Research Efforts and Regulatory Programs and Activities (No. 129809). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

He, H. (2006). Numerical Simulations of Unsteady Flows in a Pulse Detonation Engine by the Space-Time Conservation Element and Solution Element Method (Doctoral dissertation). Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, L. (2007, January 23). Supreme Court Constrains Judges’ Power in Sentencing. New York Times, p. A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Frische, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Frische, 2012; Zhang & Bryant, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zhang & Bryant, 2011)
Three authors: (Deng, Zhang, & Shi, 2014)
6 or more authors: (Cator, Arthur, Harrington, & Hoy, 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Conservation Science and Practice
ISSN (online)	2578-4854
Scope