How to format your references using the Psychotherapy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Psychotherapy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Shields, A. (2002). Quantum optics. Quantum logic with light, glass, and mirrors. Science (New York, N.Y.), 297(5588), 1821–1822.

A journal article with 2 authors

O’Connor, P. M., & Claessens, L. P. A. M. (2005). Basic avian pulmonary design and flow-through ventilation in non-avian theropod dinosaurs. Nature, 436(7048), 253–256.

A journal article with 3 authors

Balachandran, S., Thomas, E., & Barber, G. N. (2004). A FADD-dependent innate immune mechanism in mammalian cells. Nature, 432(7015), 401–405.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Simoncini, T., Hafezi-Moghadam, A., Brazil, D. P., Ley, K., Chin, W. W., & Liao, J. K. (2000). Interaction of oestrogen receptor with the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase. Nature, 407(6803), 538–541.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Fryirs, K. A., & Brierley, G. J. (2012). Geomorphic Analysis of River Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Weisburd, D., Feucht, T., Hakimi, I., Mock, L., & Perry, S. (Eds.). (2011). To Protect and To Serve: Policing in an Age of Terrorism. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Glynn, P. W., & Manzello, D. P. (2015). Bioerosion and Coral Reef Growth: A Dynamic Balance. In C. Birkeland (Ed.), Coral Reefs in the Anthropocene (pp. 67–97). Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Psychotherapy.

Blog post

Evans, K. (2016, July 21). Here’s What A Serving Size Of Each Of Your Favorite Foods Looks Like. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/heres-what-a-serving-size-of-each-of-your-favorite-foods-looks-like/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1974). Federal Organization for Science and Technology (091014). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Solomon, R. B. (2017). Analysis of Emergency Responder Preparedness to Active Shooter Incidents in Santa Barbara, Ventura, Los Angeles, and Riverside Counties [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cooper, M. (2017, May 24). City Opera Unveils 2017-18 Season. New York Times, C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Shields, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (O’Connor & Claessens, 2005; Shields, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (O’Connor & Claessens, 2005)
Three authors: (Balachandran et al., 2004)
6 or more authors: (Simoncini et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Psychotherapy
Abbreviation	Psychotherapy (Chic.)
ISSN (print)	0033-3204
ISSN (online)	1939-1536
Scope	Psychiatry and Mental health Clinical Psychology