How to format your references using the Psychopharmacology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Psychopharmacology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Carmichael M (2013) Drug safety: double jeopardy. Nature 498:S14-5

A journal article with 2 authors

Casanova J-L, Abel L (2007) Primary immunodeficiencies: a field in its infancy. Science 317:617–619

A journal article with 3 authors

Smothers JF, Henikoff S, Carter P (2002) Tech.Sight. Phage display. Affinity selection from biological libraries. Science 298:621–622

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Murray RZ, Kay JG, Sangermani DG, Stow JL (2005) A role for the phagosome in cytokine secretion. Science 310:1492–1495

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Tikhomirov VV (2016) Hydrogeochemistry Fundamentals and Advances. John Wiley &;#38; Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Hetzer R, Rankin JS, Yankah CA (eds) (2011) Mitral Valve Repair. Steinkopff, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Messina G, Biressi S, Cossu G (2008) Non Muscle Stem Cells and Muscle Regeneration. In: Partridge T (ed) Skeletal Muscle Repair and Regeneration. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 65–84

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Psychopharmacology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Can A Virtual Reality Game Make You Forget You’re In Pain? In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/can-virtual-reality-game-make-you-forget-you-re-pain/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2009) Excluded Parties List System: Suspended and Debarred Businesses and Individuals Improperly Receive Federal Funds. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McClenahan A (2017) The Impact of Media Promulgated Fear on the Psyche: Love Will Prevail. Doctoral dissertation, Pacifica Graduate Institute

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J (2017) Long Game Leaves Mets’ Bullpen Weary, and Ready for a Reinforcement. New York Times B10

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Carmichael 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Casanova and Abel 2007; Carmichael 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Casanova and Abel 2007)
Three or more authors: (Murray et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Psychopharmacology
Abbreviation	Psychopharmacology (Berl.)
ISSN (print)	0033-3158
ISSN (online)	1432-2072
Scope	Pharmacology