How to format your references using the Protein Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Protein Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Hoag H (2003) BSE case rattles Canadian officials. Nature 423:467.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Colton RJ, Russell JN Jr (2003) Counterterrorism. Making the world a safer place. Science 299:1324–1325.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Debruyne R, Schwarz C, Poinar H (2008) Comment on “Whole-genome shotgun sequencing of mitochondria from ancient hair shafts.” Science 322:857; author reply 857.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

1. Sabari BR, Dall’Agnese A, Boija A, Klein IA, Coffey EL, Shrinivas K, Abraham BJ, Hannett NM, Zamudio AV, Manteiga JC, et al. (2018) Coactivator condensation at super-enhancers links phase separation and gene control. Science 361.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Zink M Scalable Video on Demand. West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd,.; 2005.

An edited book

1. Meuleman L ed Transgovernance: Advancing Sustainability Governance. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Chaimontree S, Atkinson K, Coenen F Best Clustering Configuration Metrics: Towards Multiagent Based Clustering. In: Cao L, Feng Y, Zhong J, editors. Advanced Data Mining and Applications: 6th International Conference, ADMA 2010, Chongqing, China, November 19-21, 2010, Proceedings, Part I. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. pp. 48–59.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Protein Science.

Blog post

1. Hale T (2017) NASA Animate The Beauty Of Drone Aerodynamics. IFLScience [Internet]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/technology/nasa-animate-the-beauty-of-drone-aerodynamics/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office Expenditures for Telephone Services and Adequacy of Controls Over Such Services. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1973.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Glock M (2008) Cultural futuristics: Bringing consciousness to cultural complexes and soul to scenario based planning.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Feeney K (2006) No Sawdust, But a Real Pit. New York Times:NJ6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Protein Science
Abbreviation	Protein Sci.
ISSN (print)	0961-8368
ISSN (online)	1469-896x
Scope	Biochemistry Molecular Biology