How to format your references using the Environment and Planning A citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environment and Planning A. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hilton D R, 2007, “Geochemistry. The leaking mantle” Science (New York, N.Y.) 318(5855) 1389–1390

A journal article with 2 authors

Messing G L, Stevenson A J, 2008, “Materials science. Toward pore-free ceramics” Science (New York, N.Y.) 322(5900) 383–384

A journal article with 3 authors

Li X, Yang Y, Ashwell J D, 2002, “TNF-RII and c-IAP1 mediate ubiquitination and degradation of TRAF2” Nature 416(6878) 345–347

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Smith C G A, Aylward A D, Millward G H, Miller S, Moore L E, 2007, “An unexpected cooling effect in Saturn’s upper atmosphere” Nature 445(7126) 399–401

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Sahalos J N, 2006 Orthogonal Methods for Array Synthesis (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK)

An edited book

Gussak I, Antzelevitch C eds, 2013 Electrical Diseases of the Heart: Volume 2: Diagnosis and Treatment 2nd ed. 2013 (Springer, London)

A chapter in an edited book

Wagner G E, 2014, “Research-Based Learning”, in Innovative Strategies for Teaching in the Plant Sciences Ed C L Quave (Springer, New York, NY), pp 61–82

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environment and Planning A.

Blog post

Luntz S, 2016, “White Roofs Cut Energy Consumption In Cool Climates Too” IFLScience, https://www.iflscience.com/environment/white-roofs-cut-energy-consumption-cool-climates/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2007, “Drug Testing: Undercover Tests Reveal Significant Vulnerabilities in DOT’s Drug Testing Program”, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Emerson J D, 2001 The Jambalaya That is My Brain, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Koblin J, 2017, “Never Mind the Ratings” New York Times B1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hilton, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Hilton, 2007; Messing and Stevenson, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Messing and Stevenson, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Smith et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environment and Planning A
Abbreviation	Environ. Plan. A
ISSN (print)	0308-518X
Scope	Environmental Science (miscellaneous) Geography, Planning and Development