How to format your references using the Progress in Oceanography citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Oceanography. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Orbach, R.L., 2011. Retrospective. John Harmen Marburger III (1941-2011). Science 333, 1233.

A journal article with 2 authors

Helliker, B.R., Richter, S.L., 2008. Subtropical to boreal convergence of tree-leaf temperatures. Nature 454, 511–514.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sellman, B.R., Mourez, M., Collier, R.J., 2001. Dominant-negative mutants of a toxin subunit: an approach to therapy of anthrax. Science 292, 695–697.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Clutton-Brock, T.H., Hodge, S.J., Spong, G., Russell, A.F., Jordan, N.R., Bennett, N.C., Sharpe, L.L., Manser, M.B., 2006. Intrasexual competition and sexual selection in cooperative mammals. Nature 444, 1065–1068.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Donald, I.W., 2010. Waste Immobilization in Glass and Ceramic Based Hosts. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Uden, L., Corchado Rodríguez, E.S., De Paz Santana, J.F., De la Prieta, F. (Eds.), 2012. Workshop on Learning Technology for Education in Cloud (LTEC’12), Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Mocci, F., Laaksonen, A., Wang, Y.-L., Saba, G., Lai, A., Cesare Marincola, F., 2014. CompChem and NMR Probing Ionic Liquids, in: Caminiti, R., Gontrani, L. (Eds.), The Structure of Ionic Liquids, Soft and Biological Matter. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 97–126.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Oceanography.

Blog post

Carpineti, C., 2017. Melting Ice Could Unleash Ancient Viruses [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/environment/melting-ice-could-unleash-ancient-viruses/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1990. Continuing Professional Education: Federal GS-510 Accountants’ Report (No. 143680). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Russo, C.A., 2014. The potential harms of breast cancer screening: estimating the unnecessary surgical diagnosis of benign breast lesions and its impact on quality and cost among insured women younger than 65 years old (Doctoral dissertation). George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow, K., 2003. Mayor Lifts Ban for Chinese New Year Fireworks Shows. New York Times B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Orbach, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Helliker and Richter, 2008; Orbach, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Helliker and Richter, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Clutton-Brock et al., 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Oceanography
Abbreviation	Prog. Oceanogr.
ISSN (print)	0079-6611
Scope	Aquatic Science Geology