How to format your references using the Progress in Oceanography citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Oceanography. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Venemans, B., 2015. Cosmology: A giant in the young Universe. Nature 518, 490–491.

A journal article with 2 authors

Shinbrot, T., Muzzio, F.J., 2001. Noise to order. Nature 410, 251–258.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lee, J., Abdeen, A.A., Kilian, K.A., 2014. Rewiring mesenchymal stem cell lineage specification by switching the biophysical microenvironment. Sci. Rep. 4, 5188.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Furrer, G., Phillips, B.L., Ulrich, K.-U., Pöthig, R., Casey, W.H., 2002. The origin of aluminum flocs in polluted streams. Science 297, 2245–2247.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Blanchet, G., Dupouy, B., 2012. Computer Architecture. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ USA.

An edited book

Bellemans, J., Ries, M.D., Victor, J.M.K. (Eds.), 2005. Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Guide to Get Better Performance. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Bergenholtz, C., 2012. Interfirm Communities: Neither Weak nor Strong Ties, in: Bøllingtoft, A., Donaldson, L., Huber, G.P., Håkonsson, D.D., Snow, C.C. (Eds.), Collaborative Communities of Firms: Purpose, Process, and Design, Information and Organization Design Series. Springer, New York, NY, pp. 75–88.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Oceanography.

Blog post

Fang, J., 2015. The Bizarre Life Of The Vampire Squid From Hell [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/vampire-squids-live-long-and-spawn-often/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1981. Better Management Needed in Automating the Federal Judiciary (No. GGD-81-19). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Roache, R.S., 2015. Missouri Public School Teachers’ Perception of Tenure (Doctoral dissertation). Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly, M., 1993. Clinton Talks to Children, But Addresses Everybody. New York Times 124.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Venemans, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Shinbrot and Muzzio, 2001; Venemans, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Shinbrot and Muzzio, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Furrer et al., 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Oceanography
Abbreviation	Prog. Oceanogr.
ISSN (print)	0079-6611
Scope	Aquatic Science Geology