How to format your references using the Progress in Oceanography citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Oceanography. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Russell, J.F., 2013. If a job is worth doing, it is worth doing twice. Nature 496, 7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Denton, M., Marshall, C., 2001. Protein folds: laws of form revisited. Nature 410, 417.

A journal article with 3 authors

Soukoulis, C.M., Linden, S., Wegener, M., 2007. Physics. Negative refractive index at optical wavelengths. Science 315, 47–49.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kim, Y.-M., Brinkmann, M.M., Paquet, M.-E., Ploegh, H.L., 2008. UNC93B1 delivers nucleotide-sensing toll-like receptors to endolysosomes. Nature 452, 234–238.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Smeets, R., der Sluis, L. van, Kapetanović, M., Peelo, D.F., Janssen, A., 2014. Switching in Electrical Transmission and Distribution Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Chatterjee, M., Kashfi, K. (Eds.), 2012. Cell Signaling & Molecular Targets in Cancer, 1st ed. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Sekiya, F., Sugimoto, A., 2012. Discrete Polynomial Curve Fitting to Noisy Data, in: Barneva, R.P., Brimkov, V.E., Aggarwal, J.K. (Eds.), Combinatorial Image Analaysis: 15th International Workshop, IWCIA 2012, Austin, TX, USA, November 28-30, 2012. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 59–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Oceanography.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. Fossilised Eggshells Help Crack The Mystery Of How Dinosaurs Kept Warm [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1988. Solid Rocket Motors: Loss of Oxidizer Production Necessitates Emergency Allocation Procedures (No. NSIAD-89-66). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Barrios, G., 2012. Outreach program to address the unmet needs of Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom veterans: A grant proposal (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stellin, S., 2014. A Place to Stay and to Play. New York Times TR5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Russell, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Denton and Marshall, 2001; Russell, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Denton and Marshall, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Kim et al., 2008)

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Oceanography
Abbreviation	Prog. Oceanogr.
ISSN (print)	0079-6611
Scope	Aquatic Science Geology