How to format your references using the Progress in Oceanography citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Oceanography. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mignot, E., 2013. Physiology. The perfect hypnotic? Science 340, 36–38.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hyman, T., Simons, K., 2007. A pipeline for Europe. Nature 449, 256.

A journal article with 3 authors

Barnes, W.L., Dereux, A., Ebbesen, T.W., 2003. Surface plasmon subwavelength optics. Nature 424, 824–830.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Ahlberg, P., Trinajstic, K., Johanson, Z., Long, J., 2009. Pelvic claspers confirm chondrichthyan-like internal fertilization in arthrodires. Nature 460, 888–889.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Relethford, J.H., 2017. 50 Great Myths of Human Evolution. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Forte, B. (Ed.), 2011. Functional Equations and Inequalities, C.I.M.E. Summer Schools. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Dozier, M., Meade, E., Bernard, K., 2014. Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-Up: An Intervention for Parents at Risk of Maltreating Their Infants and Toddlers, in: Timmer, S., Urquiza, A. (Eds.), Evidence-Based Approaches for the Treatment of Maltreated Children: Considering Core Components and Treatment Effectiveness, Child Maltreatment. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 43–59.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Oceanography.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. Premature Birth Linked With Lower Wealth: How Education Could Help Bridge The Gap [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/premature-birth-linked-lower-wealth-how-education-could-help-bridge-gap/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1999. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration: Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards, Child Restraint Systems, and Child Restraint Anchorage Systems (No. OGC-99-34). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sitterding, M.C., 2014. Situation awareness and the selection of interruption handling strategies during the medication administration process: A qualitative study (Doctoral dissertation). Indiana University, Bloomington, IN.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Schembari, J., 2016. Take a Spin With a Pro. New York Times B4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mignot, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Hyman and Simons, 2007; Mignot, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hyman and Simons, 2007)
Three or more authors: (Ahlberg et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Oceanography
Abbreviation	Prog. Oceanogr.
ISSN (print)	0079-6611
Scope	Aquatic Science Geology