How to format your references using the Progress in Oceanography citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Progress in Oceanography. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Neylon, C., 2009. Stitching science together. Nature 461, 881.

A journal article with 2 authors

Lynch, M., Conery, J.S., 2003. The origins of genome complexity. Science 302, 1401–1404.

A journal article with 3 authors

Riemer, J., Bulleid, N., Herrmann, J.M., 2009. Disulfide formation in the ER and mitochondria: two solutions to a common process. Science 324, 1284–1287.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kao, S.-C., Wu, H., Xie, J., Chang, C.-P., Ranish, J.A., Graef, I.A., Crabtree, G.R., 2009. Calcineurin/NFAT signaling is required for neuregulin-regulated Schwann cell differentiation. Science 323, 651–654.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Yang, H., Lee, E.K., 2016. Healthcare Analytics: From Data to Knowledge to Healthcare Improvement. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.

An edited book

Abdalla, M., Lange, T. (Eds.), 2013. Pairing-Based Cryptography – Pairing 2012: 5th International Conference, Cologne, Germany, May 16-18, 2012, Revised Selected Papers, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Mozyrska, D., Wyrwas, M., 2015. Fractional Linear Equations with Discrete Operators of Positive Order, in: Latawiec, K.J., Łukaniszyn, M., Stanisławski, R. (Eds.), Advances in Modelling and Control of Non-Integer-Order Systems: 6th Conference on Non-Integer Order Calculus and Its Applications, 2014 Opole, Poland, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 47–58.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Progress in Oceanography.

Blog post

Andrews, R., 2015. DARPA Wants “Vampire Drones” That Vanish In Sunlight [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/technology/darpa-wants-vampire-drones-vanish-sunlight/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2013. Data Center Consolidation: Strengthened Oversight Needed to Achieve Cost Savings Goal (No. GAO-13-378). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ritter, D., 2008. The EU and conflict: Critically assessing the success of the ESDP and its impact in conflict areas (Doctoral dissertation). University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Romero, S., Bosman, J., 2017. As Waters Took Mother, a Child Held on to Life. New York Times A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Neylon, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Lynch and Conery, 2003; Neylon, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lynch and Conery, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Kao et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Progress in Oceanography
Abbreviation	Prog. Oceanogr.
ISSN (print)	0079-6611
Scope	Aquatic Science Geology